{"id":137,"date":"2026-04-29T20:40:57","date_gmt":"2026-04-29T12:40:57","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/larkdrop.cafe\/?p=137"},"modified":"2026-04-29T20:40:58","modified_gmt":"2026-04-29T12:40:58","slug":"web%e7%bb%84%e4%bb%b6","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/larkdrop.cafe\/index.php\/2026\/04\/29\/web%e7%bb%84%e4%bb%b6\/","title":{"rendered":"Web\u7ec4\u4ef6"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

Web\u7ec4\u4ef6\u6982\u8ff0<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

JavaEE\u5b9a\u4e49\u4e86\u4e09\u5927Web\u7ec4\u4ef6<\/strong>\uff0c\u5b83\u4eec\u5171\u540c\u6784\u6210\u4e86Web\u5e94\u7528\u7684\u6838\u5fc3\u5904\u7406\u673a\u5236\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u7ec4\u4ef6<\/th>\u804c\u8d23<\/th>\u6267\u884c\u65f6\u673a<\/th><\/tr><\/thead>
Servlet<\/strong><\/td>\u5904\u7406\u8bf7\u6c42\u5bf9\u5e94\u7684\u4e1a\u52a1\u903b\u8f91<\/td>\u63a5\u6536\u5230\u8bf7\u6c42\u65f6<\/td><\/tr>
Listener<\/strong><\/td>\u76d1\u542cWeb\u5e94\u7528\u751f\u547d\u5468\u671f\u4e8b\u4ef6<\/td>\u5e94\u7528\u542f\u52a8\/\u5173\u95ed\u65f6<\/td><\/tr>
Filter<\/strong><\/td>\u5bf9\u8bf7\u6c42\/\u54cd\u5e94\u8fdb\u884c\u8fc7\u6ee4\u5904\u7406<\/td>Servlet\u524d\u540e<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n

\u4e09\u8005\u7684\u6267\u884c\u987a\u5e8f\uff1aListener \u2192 Filter \u2192 Servlet \u2192 Filter<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

 Listener\u76d1\u542c\u5668<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

\u4ec0\u4e48\u662f\u76d1\u542c\u5668<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

\u76d1\u542c\u5668\uff08Listener\uff09\u662fJavaEE\u63d0\u4f9b\u7684\u4e8b\u4ef6\u76d1\u542c\u673a\u5236<\/strong>\u3002\u76d1\u542c\u5668\u4f1a\u76d1\u542c\u7279\u5b9a\u7684\u4e3b\u4f53\uff08\u5982ServletContext\u3001HttpSession\u3001ServletRequest\u7b49\uff09\uff0c\u5f53\u4e3b\u4f53\u53d1\u751f\u7279\u5b9a\u4e8b\u4ef6\uff08\u521d\u59cb\u5316\u3001\u9500\u6bc1\u3001\u5c5e\u6027\u53d8\u5316\u7b49\uff09\u65f6\uff0c\u81ea\u52a8\u89e6\u53d1\u5bf9\u5e94\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u6838\u5fc3\u601d\u60f3<\/strong>\uff1a\u901a\u8fc7\u76d1\u542c\u673a\u5236\uff0c\u5728\u5173\u952e\u751f\u547d\u5468\u671f\u8282\u70b9\u81ea\u52a8\u6267\u884c\u521d\u59cb\u5316\u6216\u6e05\u7406\u64cd\u4f5c\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

ServletContextListener<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

ServletContextListener<\/strong>\u662f\u6700\u5e38\u7528\u7684\u76d1\u542c\u5668\uff0c\u7528\u4e8e\u76d1\u542cServletContext<\/strong>\u7684\u751f\u547d\u5468\u671f\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u4e8b\u4ef6<\/th>\u89e6\u53d1\u65f6\u673a<\/th>\u5bf9\u5e94\u65b9\u6cd5<\/th><\/tr><\/thead>
\u521d\u59cb\u5316<\/td>\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u542f\u52a8\u65f6<\/td>contextInitialized()<\/code><\/td><\/tr>
\u9500\u6bc1<\/td>\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u5173\u95ed\u65f6<\/td>contextDestroyed()<\/code><\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n

\u751f\u547d\u5468\u671f\u8bf4\u660e<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u542f\u52a8\n    \u2193\nServletContext\u521d\u59cb\u5316\n    \u2193\n\u89e6\u53d1contextInitialized()  \u2190 \u5728\u8fd9\u91cc\u8fdb\u884c\u8d44\u6e90\u521d\u59cb\u5316\n    \u2193\n\u5e94\u7528\u8fd0\u884c\u4e2d...\n    \u2193\n\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u5173\u95ed\n    \u2193\nServletContext\u9500\u6bc1\n    \u2193\n\u89e6\u53d1contextDestroyed()   \u2190 \u5728\u8fd9\u91cc\u8fdb\u884c\u8d44\u6e90\u91ca\u653e<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
\u6267\u884c\u8fc7\u7a0b\u56fe\u89e3<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u5f53\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u542f\u52a8\u65f6\uff0cWeb\u7ec4\u4ef6\u6309\u4ee5\u4e0b\u987a\u5e8f\u52a0\u8f7d\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n
    \n
  1. \u9996\u5148\u52a0\u8f7d<\/strong>\uff1aServletContext \u548c Listener<\/li>\n\n\n\n
  2. \u7136\u540e\u52a0\u8f7d<\/strong>\uff1aloadOnStartup \u2265 0 \u7684Servlet<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n
    \u5e94\u7528\u542f\u52a8\n   \u251c\u2500\u2500 \u521b\u5efaServletContext\n   \u251c\u2500\u2500 \u6267\u884cServletContextListener.contextInitialized()\n   \u2502       \u2514\u2500\u2500 \u521d\u59cb\u5316\u5168\u5c40\u8d44\u6e90\uff08\u5982\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u8fde\u63a5\u6c60\u3001SqlSessionFactory\uff09\n   \u251c\u2500\u2500 \u521d\u59cb\u5316loadOnStartup \u2265 0\u7684Servlet\n   \u2514\u2500\u2500 \u5e94\u7528\u5c31\u7eea\uff0c\u7b49\u5f85\u8bf7\u6c42<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
    \u914d\u7f6e\u65b9\u5f0f<\/h3>\n\n\n\n
    \u65b9\u5f0f\u4e00\uff1a\u6ce8\u89e3\u914d\u7f6e\uff08\u63a8\u8350\uff09<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n
    import javax.servlet.ServletContextEvent;\nimport javax.servlet.ServletContextListener;\nimport javax.servlet.annotation.WebListener;\n\n@WebListener  \/\/ \u65e0\u9700\u6307\u5b9avalue\uff0c\u81ea\u52a8\u76d1\u542c\npublic class CustomServletContextListener implements ServletContextListener {\n    \n    @Override\n    public void contextInitialized(ServletContextEvent sce) {\n        \/\/ \u5e94\u7528\u542f\u52a8\u65f6\u6267\u884c\n        System.out.println(\"\u2705 \u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u542f\u52a8\uff0cServletContext\u521d\u59cb\u5316\u5b8c\u6210\");\n    }\n    \n    @Override\n    public void contextDestroyed(ServletContextEvent sce) {\n        \/\/ \u5e94\u7528\u5173\u95ed\u65f6\u6267\u884c\n        System.out.println(\"\u274c \u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u5173\u95ed\uff0cServletContext\u9500\u6bc1\");\n    }\n}<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
    \u65b9\u5f0f\u4e8c\uff1aweb.xml\u914d\u7f6e<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n
    <?xml version=\"1.0\" encoding=\"UTF-8\"?>\n<web-app xmlns=\"http:\/\/xmlns.jcp.org\/xml\/ns\/javaee\"\n         xmlns:xsi=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2001\/XMLSchema-instance\"\n         xsi:schemaLocation=\"http:\/\/xmlns.jcp.org\/xml\/ns\/javaee \n                             http:\/\/xmlns.jcp.org\/xml\/ns\/javaee\/web-app_4_0.xsd\"\n         version=\"4.0\">\n    \n    <!-- \u76d1\u542c\u5668\u914d\u7f6e -->\n    <listener>\n        <listener-class>com.example.listener.CustomServletContextListener<\/listener-class>\n    <\/listener>\n    \n<\/web-app><\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
    \n
    \u4e24\u79cd\u65b9\u5f0f\u7b49\u6548\uff0c\u4f46\u6ce8\u89e3\u914d\u7f6e\u66f4\u7b80\u6d01\uff0c\u662fServlet 3.0+\u7684\u63a8\u8350\u65b9\u5f0f\u3002<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n
    MyBatis\u96c6\u6210\u4f18\u5316<\/h3>\n\n\n\n
    \u573a\u666f\u63cf\u8ff0<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n
    \u4e4b\u524d\u6574\u5408MyBatis\u65f6\uff0cSqlSessionFactory\u5728Servlet\u7684init()<\/code>\u65b9\u6cd5\u4e2d\u521d\u59cb\u5316\u3002\u66f4\u597d\u7684\u505a\u6cd5\u662f\u5728\u5e94\u7528\u542f\u52a8\u65f6<\/strong>\u5c31\u5b8c\u6210\u521d\u59cb\u5316\uff0c\u5e76\u5b58\u5165ServletContext\u4f9b\u5168\u5c40\u4f7f\u7528\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n
    \u5b8c\u6574\u4ee3\u7801\u5b9e\u73b0<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n
    \u76d1\u542c\u5668\u4ee3\u7801<\/strong>\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n
    import org.apache.ibatis.io.Resources;\nimport org.apache.ibatis.session.SqlSessionFactory;\nimport org.apache.ibatis.session.SqlSessionFactoryBuilder;\nimport javax.servlet.ServletContext;\nimport javax.servlet.ServletContextEvent;\nimport javax.servlet.ServletContextListener;\nimport javax.servlet.annotation.WebListener;\nimport java.io.IOException;\nimport java.io.InputStream;\n\n@WebListener\npublic class MyBatisInitListener implements ServletContextListener {\n    \n    private static final String CONFIG_FILE = \"mybatis-config.xml\";\n    private static final String CONTEXT_KEY = \"SqlSessionFactory\";\n    \n    @Override\n    public void contextInitialized(ServletContextEvent sce) {\n        ServletContext context = sce.getServletContext();\n        \n        try (InputStream is = Resources.getResourceAsStream(CONFIG_FILE)) {\n            SqlSessionFactory factory = new SqlSessionFactoryBuilder().build(is);\n            \n            \/\/ \u5b58\u5165ServletContext\uff0c\u5168\u5c40\u5171\u4eab\n            context.setAttribute(CONTEXT_KEY, factory);\n            \n            System.out.println(\"\u2705 MyBatis\u521d\u59cb\u5316\u6210\u529f\uff0cSqlSessionFactory\u5df2\u5b58\u5165ServletContext\");\n        } catch (IOException e) {\n            System.err.println(\"\u274c MyBatis\u521d\u59cb\u5316\u5931\u8d25: \" + e.getMessage());\n            throw new RuntimeException(\"MyBatis\u521d\u59cb\u5316\u5931\u8d25\", e);\n        }\n    }\n    \n    @Override\n    public void contextDestroyed(ServletContextEvent sce) {\n        \/\/ \u6e05\u7406\u8d44\u6e90\n        ServletContext context = sce.getServletContext();\n        context.removeAttribute(CONTEXT_KEY);\n        System.out.println(\"\u2705 MyBatis\u8d44\u6e90\u5df2\u6e05\u7406\");\n    }\n}<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
    Servlet\u4e2d\u4f7f\u7528<\/strong>\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n
    import org.apache.ibatis.session.SqlSessionFactory;\nimport javax.servlet.ServletException;\nimport javax.servlet.annotation.WebServlet;\nimport javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;\nimport javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;\nimport javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;\nimport java.io.IOException;\n\n@WebServlet(\"\/user\/list\")\npublic class UserListServlet extends HttpServlet {\n    \n    private SqlSessionFactory sqlSessionFactory;\n    \n    @Override\n    public void init() throws ServletException {\n        \/\/ \u4eceServletContext\u83b7\u53d6\u5df2\u521d\u59cb\u5316\u7684\u5de5\u5382\n        sqlSessionFactory = (SqlSessionFactory) getServletContext()\n                .getAttribute(\"SqlSessionFactory\");\n        \n        if (sqlSessionFactory == null) {\n            throw new ServletException(\"SqlSessionFactory\u672a\u521d\u59cb\u5316\");\n        }\n    }\n    \n    @Override\n    protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp) \n            throws ServletException, IOException {\n        \/\/ \u4f7f\u7528sqlSessionFactory\u6267\u884c\u4e1a\u52a1\u64cd\u4f5c\n        \/\/ ...\n    }\n}<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
    \u5176\u4ed6\u5e38\u7528\u76d1\u542c\u5668<\/h3>\n\n\n\n
    \u76d1\u542c\u5668\u63a5\u53e3<\/th>\u76d1\u542c\u5bf9\u8c61<\/th>\u7528\u9014<\/th><\/tr><\/thead>
    HttpSessionListener<\/code><\/td>Session<\/td>\u7edf\u8ba1\u5728\u7ebf\u4eba\u6570\u3001Session\u8d85\u65f6\u5904\u7406<\/td><\/tr>
    ServletRequestListener<\/code><\/td>Request<\/td>\u8bf7\u6c42\u65e5\u5fd7\u8bb0\u5f55\u3001\u6027\u80fd\u76d1\u63a7<\/td><\/tr>
    HttpSessionAttributeListener<\/code><\/td>Session\u5c5e\u6027<\/td>\u76d1\u542c\u767b\u5f55\/\u767b\u51fa\u72b6\u6001\u53d8\u5316<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n
    Filter\u8fc7\u6ee4\u5668<\/h2>\n\n\n\n
    \u4ec0\u4e48\u662f\u8fc7\u6ee4\u5668<\/h3>\n\n\n\n
    Filter\uff08\u8fc7\u6ee4\u5668\uff09\u662f\u8fd0\u884c\u5728Servlet\u4e4b\u524d<\/strong>\u7684\u7ec4\u4ef6\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u5bf9\u8bf7\u6c42\u8fdb\u884c\u9884\u5904\u7406\uff0c\u5bf9\u54cd\u5e94\u8fdb\u884c\u540e\u5904\u7406\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n
    \u6267\u884c\u4f4d\u7f6e<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n
    \u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u8bf7\u6c42\n    \u2193\nFilter\u9884\u5904\u7406\uff08\u8bf7\u6c42\u8fc7\u6ee4\uff09\n    \u2193\nServlet\u4e1a\u52a1\u5904\u7406\n    \u2193\nFilter\u540e\u5904\u7406\uff08\u54cd\u5e94\u8fc7\u6ee4\uff09\n    \u2193\n\u8fd4\u56de\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
    Filter\u548cServlet\u7684\u6620\u5c04\u5173\u7cfb<\/h3>\n\n\n\n
    \u5bf9\u6bd4\u9879<\/th>Servlet<\/th>Filter<\/th><\/tr><\/thead>
    URL\u6620\u5c04<\/td>1\u4e2aURL \u2192 1\u4e2aServlet<\/td>1\u4e2aURL \u2192 \u591a\u4e2aFilter<\/td><\/tr>
    \u6267\u884c\u987a\u5e8f<\/td>\u6309URL\u5339\u914d<\/td>\u6309\u914d\u7f6e\u987a\u5e8f<\/td><\/tr>
    \u7ec8\u6b62\u6027<\/td>\u5904\u7406\u8bf7\u6c42<\/td>\u53ef\u9009\u62e9\u653e\u884c\u6216\u62e6\u622a<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n
    \n
    \u00a0\u91cd\u8981<\/strong>\uff1a\u4e00\u4e2a\u8bf7\u6c42\u53ef\u4ee5\u7ecf\u8fc7\u591a\u4e2aFilter<\/strong>\uff0c\u5f62\u6210\u8fc7\u6ee4\u5668\u94fe\uff08FilterChain\uff09<\/strong>\u3002<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n
    \"\"<\/div><\/figure>\n\n\n\n
    \"\"<\/div><\/figure>\n\n\n\n
    \u8fc7\u6ee4\u5668\u94fe\u6267\u884c\u6d41\u7a0b<\/h3>\n\n\n\n
    \u5355\u4e2aFilter\u6267\u884c\u6d41\u7a0b<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n
    \u8bf7\u6c42 \u2192 Filter.doFilter()\u524d\u534a\u90e8\u5206 \n          \u2193\n      chain.doFilter()  \u2190 \u653e\u884c\n          \u2193\n      Servlet\u5904\u7406\n          \u2193\n      Filter.doFilter()\u540e\u534a\u90e8\u5206 \u2192 \u54cd\u5e94<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
    \u591a\u4e2aFilter\u6267\u884c\u6d41\u7a0b<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n
    \u5047\u8bbe\u914d\u7f6e\u4e86FilterA\u3001FilterB\u3001FilterC\u4e09\u4e2a\u8fc7\u6ee4\u5668\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n
    \u8bf7\u6c42 \u2192 FilterA \u2192 FilterB \u2192 FilterC \u2192 Servlet\n                                      \u2193\n\u54cd\u5e94 \u2190 FilterA \u2190 FilterB \u2190 FilterC \u2190 \u5904\u7406\u5b8c\u6210<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
    \u6267\u884c\u987a\u5e8f\u9075\u5faa\u5148\u8fdb\u540e\u51fa<\/strong>\uff08\u7c7b\u4f3c\u6808\u7ed3\u6784\uff09\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n
    FilterA\u5f00\u59cb\n  FilterB\u5f00\u59cb\n    FilterC\u5f00\u59cb\n      Servlet\u5904\u7406\n    FilterC\u7ed3\u675f\n  FilterB\u7ed3\u675f\nFilterA\u7ed3\u675f<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
    \u5173\u952e\u65b9\u6cd5\u8bf4\u660e<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n
    \/\/ \u653e\u884c\u65b9\u6cd5\uff1a\u5fc5\u987b\u8c03\u7528\u624d\u80fd\u7ee7\u7eed\u540e\u7eed\u6d41\u7a0b\nfilterChain.doFilter(request, response);<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
    \n
    \u5982\u679c\u4e0d\u8c03\u7528chain.doFilter()<\/code>\uff0c\u8bf7\u6c42\u5c06\u88ab\u62e6\u622a<\/strong>\uff0c\u4e0d\u4f1a\u5230\u8fbeServlet\u3002<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n
    Filter\u751f\u547d\u5468\u671f<\/h3>\n\n\n\n
    \u9636\u6bb5<\/th>\u65b9\u6cd5<\/th>\u6267\u884c\u6b21\u6570<\/th>\u7528\u9014<\/th><\/tr><\/thead>
    \u521d\u59cb\u5316<\/td>init(FilterConfig)<\/code><\/td>1\u6b21<\/td>\u8bfb\u53d6\u914d\u7f6e\u53c2\u6570<\/td><\/tr>
    \u8fc7\u6ee4<\/td>doFilter()<\/code><\/td>\u6bcf\u6b21\u8bf7\u6c42<\/td>\u6267\u884c\u8fc7\u6ee4\u903b\u8f91<\/td><\/tr>
    \u9500\u6bc1<\/td>destroy()<\/code><\/td>1\u6b21<\/td>\u91ca\u653e\u8d44\u6e90<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n
    \u914d\u7f6e\u65b9\u5f0f<\/h3>\n\n\n\n
    \u65b9\u5f0f\u4e00\uff1a\u6ce8\u89e3\u914d\u7f6e\uff08\u63a8\u8350\uff09<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n
    import javax.servlet.Filter;\nimport javax.servlet.FilterChain;\nimport javax.servlet.FilterConfig;\nimport javax.servlet.ServletException;\nimport javax.servlet.ServletRequest;\nimport javax.servlet.ServletResponse;\nimport javax.servlet.annotation.WebFilter;\nimport java.io.IOException;\n\n@WebFilter(\"\/*\")  \/\/ \u8fc7\u6ee4\u6240\u6709\u8bf7\u6c42\npublic class LoggingFilter implements Filter {\n    \n    @Override\n    public void init(FilterConfig filterConfig) throws ServletException {\n        \/\/ \u521d\u59cb\u5316\u64cd\u4f5c\n        String encoding = filterConfig.getInitParameter(\"encoding\");\n        System.out.println(\"Filter\u521d\u59cb\u5316\uff0c\u7f16\u7801\u53c2\u6570: \" + encoding);\n    }\n    \n    @Override\n    public void doFilter(ServletRequest request, ServletResponse response, \n                         FilterChain chain) throws IOException, ServletException {\n        \/\/ \u524d\u7f6e\u5904\u7406\n        System.out.println(\"\u8bf7\u6c42\u5230\u8fbeFilter\");\n        \n        \/\/ \u653e\u884c\n        chain.doFilter(request, response);\n        \n        \/\/ \u540e\u7f6e\u5904\u7406\n        System.out.println(\"\u54cd\u5e94\u79bb\u5f00Filter\");\n    }\n    \n    @Override\n    public void destroy() {\n        \/\/ \u9500\u6bc1\u64cd\u4f5c\n        System.out.println(\"Filter\u9500\u6bc1\");\n    }\n}<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
    \u5e38\u7528URL\u6a21\u5f0f<\/strong>\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n
    \u6a21\u5f0f<\/th>\u542b\u4e49<\/th>\u793a\u4f8b<\/th><\/tr><\/thead>
    \/*<\/code><\/td>\u6240\u6709\u8bf7\u6c42<\/td>\u5168\u5c40\u5b57\u7b26\u7f16\u7801<\/td><\/tr>
    \/user\/*<\/code><\/td>\u4ee5\/user\/\u5f00\u5934\u7684\u8bf7\u6c42<\/td>\u767b\u5f55\u9a8c\u8bc1<\/td><\/tr>
    \/admin\/*<\/code><\/td>\u4ee5\/admin\/\u5f00\u5934\u7684\u8bf7\u6c42<\/td>\u6743\u9650\u63a7\u5236<\/td><\/tr>
    *.jsp<\/code><\/td>\u6240\u6709JSP\u9875\u9762<\/td>\u9875\u9762\u6743\u9650<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n
    \u65b9\u5f0f\u4e8c\uff1aweb.xml\u914d\u7f6e<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n
    <web-app>\n    <!-- Filter\u5b9a\u4e49 -->\n    <filter>\n        <filter-name>CharacterEncodingFilter<\/filter-name>\n        <filter-class>com.example.filter.CharacterEncodingFilter<\/filter-class>\n        <init-param>\n            <param-name>encoding<\/param-name>\n            <param-value>UTF-8<\/param-value>\n        <\/init-param>\n    <\/filter>\n    \n    <!-- Filter\u6620\u5c04 -->\n    <filter-mapping>\n        <filter-name>CharacterEncodingFilter<\/filter-name>\n        <url-pattern>\/*<\/url-pattern>\n    <\/filter-mapping>\n<\/web-app><\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
    \n
    \u591a\u4e2aFilter\u65f6\uff0cweb.xml\u4e2d\u7684\u914d\u7f6e\u987a\u5e8f\u51b3\u5b9a\u4e86\u6267\u884c\u987a\u5e8f<\/strong>\uff1b\u6ce8\u89e3\u914d\u7f6e\u65f6\uff0cFilter\u540d\u79f0\u7684\u5b57\u5178\u5e8f\u5f71\u54cd\u987a\u5e8f\uff08\u5efa\u8bae\u4f7f\u7528web.xml\u7cbe\u786e\u63a7\u5236\uff09\u3002<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n
    \u5e38\u89c1\u95ee\u9898\u4e0e\u89e3\u51b3\u65b9\u6848<\/h2>\n\n\n\n
    Filter\u76f8\u5173\u95ee\u9898<\/h3>\n\n\n\n
    Filter\u4e0d\u751f\u6548\u600e\u4e48\u529e\uff1f<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n
    \u6392\u67e5\u6b65\u9aa4<\/strong>\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n
      \n
    1. \u68c0\u67e5URL\u6a21\u5f0f<\/strong>\uff1a\u786e\u8ba4\u8bf7\u6c42\u7684URL\u5339\u914dFilter\u7684url-pattern<\/li>\n\n\n\n
    2. \u68c0\u67e5\u914d\u7f6e\u65b9\u5f0f<\/strong>\uff1a\u6ce8\u89e3\u548cweb.xml\u4e0d\u8981\u91cd\u590d\u914d\u7f6e\uff0c\u53ef\u80fd\u51b2\u7a81<\/li>\n\n\n\n
    3. \u68c0\u67e5\u662f\u5426\u653e\u884c<\/strong>\uff1a\u786e\u8ba4\u8c03\u7528\u4e86chain.doFilter()<\/code><\/li>\n\n\n\n
    4. \u68c0\u67e5\u6267\u884c\u987a\u5e8f<\/strong>\uff1a\u53ef\u80fd\u88ab\u524d\u9762\u7684Filter\u62e6\u622a\u4e86<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n
      \u591a\u4e2aFilter\u7684\u6267\u884c\u987a\u5e8f\u600e\u4e48\u63a7\u5236\uff1f<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n
      \u89e3\u51b3\u65b9\u6848<\/strong>\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n
      \u914d\u7f6e\u65b9\u5f0f<\/th>\u987a\u5e8f\u63a7\u5236\u65b9\u6cd5<\/th><\/tr><\/thead>
      web.xml<\/td>\u6309<filter-mapping><\/code>\u7684\u914d\u7f6e\u987a\u5e8f<\/td><\/tr>
      \u6ce8\u89e3<\/td>\u65e0\u6cd5\u63a7\u5236\uff08\u6309\u7c7b\u540d\u5b57\u5178\u5e8f\uff09\uff0c\u5efa\u8bae\u4f7f\u7528web.xml<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n
      \u63a8\u8350\u5728web.xml\u4e2d\u96c6\u4e2d\u914d\u7f6eFilter\u987a\u5e8f\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n
      <!-- \u5148\u6267\u884c\u5b57\u7b26\u7f16\u7801 -->\n<filter-mapping>\n    <filter-name>CharacterEncodingFilter<\/filter-name>\n    <url-pattern>\/*<\/url-pattern>\n<\/filter-mapping>\n\n<!-- \u518d\u6267\u884c\u767b\u5f55\u9a8c\u8bc1 -->\n<filter-mapping>\n    <filter-name>LoginCheckFilter<\/filter-name>\n    <url-pattern>\/user\/*<\/url-pattern>\n<\/filter-mapping><\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
      Filter\u4e2d\u5982\u4f55\u83b7\u53d6Spring\u5bb9\u5668\u4e2d\u7684Bean\uff1f<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n
      \/\/ \u901a\u8fc7WebApplicationContext\u83b7\u53d6\nWebApplicationContext context = WebApplicationContextUtils\n    .getRequiredWebApplicationContext(request.getServletContext());\nUserService userService = context.getBean(UserService.class);<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
      Listener\u76f8\u5173\u95ee\u9898<\/h3>\n\n\n\n
      contextInitialized\u6267\u884c\u4e24\u6b21\uff1f<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n
      \u539f\u56e0<\/strong>\uff1aTomcat\u914d\u7f6e\u4e86\u591a\u4e2aContext\uff0c\u6216IDEA\u70ed\u90e8\u7f72\u5bfc\u81f4\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n
      \u89e3\u51b3<\/strong>\uff1a\u5728\u65b9\u6cd5\u4e2d\u6dfb\u52a0\u5224\u65ad\uff0c\u907f\u514d\u91cd\u590d\u521d\u59cb\u5316\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n
      @Override\npublic void contextInitialized(ServletContextEvent sce) {\n    ServletContext context = sce.getServletContext();\n    \/\/ \u68c0\u67e5\u662f\u5426\u5df2\u521d\u59cb\u5316\n    if (context.getAttribute(\"SqlSessionFactory\") != null) {\n        return;  \/\/ \u5df2\u5b58\u5728\uff0c\u8df3\u8fc7\n    }\n    \/\/ \u521d\u59cb\u5316\u4ee3\u7801...\n}<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
      Listener\u4e2d\u83b7\u53d6\u4e0d\u5230\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u8fde\u63a5\uff1f<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n
      \u539f\u56e0<\/strong>\uff1a\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u9a71\u52a8\u5728Listener\u521d\u59cb\u5316\u65f6\u8fd8\u672a\u52a0\u8f7d\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n
      \u89e3\u51b3<\/strong>\uff1a\u786e\u4fdd\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u9a71\u52a8JAR\u5728WEB-INF\/lib\u4e2d\uff0c\u6216\u4f7f\u7528\u5ef6\u8fdf\u52a0\u8f7d\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n
      \u5176\u4ed6\u5e38\u89c1\u95ee\u9898<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n
      \u5982\u4f55\u8bbe\u7f6eFilter\u7684\u521d\u59cb\u5316\u53c2\u6570\uff1f<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n
      \u6ce8\u89e3\u65b9\u5f0f<\/strong>\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n
      @WebFilter(\n    value = \"\/*\",\n    initParams = {\n        @WebInitParam(name = \"encoding\", value = \"UTF-8\"),\n        @WebInitParam(name = \"forceEncoding\", value = \"true\")\n    }\n)\npublic class CharacterEncodingFilter implements Filter {\n    private String encoding;\n    \n    @Override\n    public void init(FilterConfig config) throws ServletException {\n        this.encoding = config.getInitParameter(\"encoding\");\n    }\n}<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
      \u5982\u4f55\u6392\u9664\u7279\u5b9a\u8def\u5f84\u4e0d\u8fdb\u884c\u8fc7\u6ee4\uff1f<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n
      @Override\npublic void doFilter(ServletRequest request, ServletResponse response, \n                     FilterChain chain) throws IOException, ServletException {\n    HttpServletRequest httpRequest = (HttpServletRequest) request;\n    String path = httpRequest.getRequestURI();\n    \n    \/\/ \u6392\u9664\u9759\u6001\u8d44\u6e90\n    if (path.startsWith(\"\/static\/\") || path.endsWith(\".js\") || path.endsWith(\".css\")) {\n        chain.doFilter(request, response);\n        return;\n    }\n    \n    \/\/ \u7ee7\u7eed\u8fc7\u6ee4\u903b\u8f91...\n}<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
      \u603b\u7ed3<\/h2>\n\n\n\n
      \u4e09\u5927\u7ec4\u4ef6\u534f\u4f5c\u56fe<\/h3>\n\n\n\n
      \u250c\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2510\n\u2502                    \u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u751f\u547d\u5468\u671f                        \u2502\n\u251c\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2524\n\u2502  \u5e94\u7528\u542f\u52a8                                                \u2502\n\u2502     \u2193                                                   \u2502\n\u2502  ServletContext\u521d\u59cb\u5316                                    \u2502\n\u2502     \u2193                                                   \u2502\n\u2502  Listener.contextInitialized()  \u2190 \u521d\u59cb\u5316\u5168\u5c40\u8d44\u6e90          \u2502\n\u2502     \u2193                                                   \u2502\n\u2502  \u7b49\u5f85\u8bf7\u6c42...                                              \u2502\n\u2502     \u2193                                                   \u2502\n\u2502  \u8bf7\u6c42\u5230\u8fbe \u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2510       \u2502\n\u2502     \u2193                                            \u2502       \u2502\n\u2502  Filter1.doFilter()\u524d\u534a\u90e8\u5206                       \u2502       \u2502\n\u2502     \u2193                                            \u2502       \u2502\n\u2502  Filter2.doFilter()\u524d\u534a\u90e8\u5206                       \u2502       \u2502\n\u2502     \u2193                                            \u2502       \u2502\n\u2502  chain.doFilter() \u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2524\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2524\n\u2502     \u2193                                            \u2502       \u2502\n\u2502  Servlet.service()                                \u2502       \u2502\n\u2502     \u2193                                            \u2502       \u2502\n\u2502  Filter2.doFilter()\u540e\u534a\u90e8\u5206                       \u2502       \u2502\n\u2502     \u2193                                            \u2502       \u2502\n\u2502  Filter1.doFilter()\u540e\u534a\u90e8\u5206 \u2190\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2518       \u2502\n\u2502     \u2193                                                   \u2502\n\u2502  \u54cd\u5e94\u8fd4\u56de                                                \u2502\n\u2502     \u2193                                                   \u2502\n\u2502  \u5e94\u7528\u5173\u95ed                                                \u2502\n\u2502     \u2193                                                   \u2502\n\u2502  Listener.contextDestroyed()  \u2190 \u6e05\u7406\u8d44\u6e90                 \u2502\n\u2514\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2518<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
      \u77e5\u8bc6\u70b9\u56de\u987e<\/h3>\n\n\n\n
      \u7ec4\u4ef6<\/th>\u6838\u5fc3\u63a5\u53e3<\/th>\u5173\u952e\u65b9\u6cd5<\/th>\u4e3b\u8981\u7528\u9014<\/th><\/tr><\/thead>
      Listener<\/strong><\/td>ServletContextListener<\/code><\/td>contextInitialized()<\/code> contextDestroyed()<\/code><\/td>\u5e94\u7528\u542f\u52a8\/\u5173\u95ed\u65f6\u6267\u884c\u521d\u59cb\u5316\u548c\u6e05\u7406<\/td><\/tr>
      Filter<\/strong><\/td>Filter<\/code><\/td>init()<\/code> doFilter()<\/code> destroy()<\/code><\/td>\u8bf7\u6c42\u9884\u5904\u7406\u3001\u54cd\u5e94\u540e\u5904\u7406<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n
        \n
      1. \u8d44\u6e90\u521d\u59cb\u5316<\/strong>\uff1a\u4f7f\u7528Listener\u5728\u5e94\u7528\u542f\u52a8\u65f6\u521d\u59cb\u5316\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u8fde\u63a5\u6c60\u3001\u7f13\u5b58\u7b49<\/li>\n\n\n\n
      2. \u901a\u7528\u5904\u7406<\/strong>\uff1a\u4f7f\u7528Filter\u7edf\u4e00\u5904\u7406\u5b57\u7b26\u7f16\u7801\u3001\u767b\u5f55\u9a8c\u8bc1\u3001\u65e5\u5fd7\u8bb0\u5f55<\/li>\n\n\n\n
      3. \u987a\u5e8f\u63a7\u5236<\/strong>\uff1a\u591a\u4e2aFilter\u65f6\u4f7f\u7528web.xml\u7cbe\u786e\u63a7\u5236\u6267\u884c\u987a\u5e8f<\/li>\n\n\n\n
      4. \u5f02\u5e38\u5904\u7406<\/strong>\uff1aFilter\u4e2d\u6ce8\u610f\u5f02\u5e38\u5904\u7406\uff0c\u907f\u514d\u5f71\u54cd\u6b63\u5e38\u8bf7\u6c42<\/li>\n\n\n\n
      5. \u767d\u540d\u5355\u673a\u5236<\/strong>\uff1a\u767b\u5f55\u9a8c\u8bc1\u7b49\u573a\u666f\u4f7f\u7528\u767d\u540d\u5355\u653e\u884c\u7279\u5b9a\u8def\u5f84<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n
        <\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
        Web\u7ec4\u4ef6\u6982\u8ff0 JavaEE\u5b9a\u4e49\u4e86\u4e09\u5927Web\u7ec4\u4ef6\uff0c\u5b83\u4eec\u5171\u540c\u6784\u6210\u4e86Web\u5e94\u7528\u7684\u6838\u5fc3\u5904\u7406\u673a\u5236\uff1a \u7ec4\u4ef6 \u804c\u8d23 \u6267\u884c\u65f6 […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[4],"class_list":["post-137","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-learn","tag-java-web"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/larkdrop.cafe\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/137","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/larkdrop.cafe\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/larkdrop.cafe\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/larkdrop.cafe\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/larkdrop.cafe\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=137"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/larkdrop.cafe\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/137\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":142,"href":"https:\/\/larkdrop.cafe\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/137\/revisions\/142"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/larkdrop.cafe\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=137"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/larkdrop.cafe\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=137"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/larkdrop.cafe\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=137"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}