{"id":714,"date":"2026-07-14T15:03:16","date_gmt":"2026-07-14T07:03:16","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/larkdrop.cafe\/?p=714"},"modified":"2026-07-14T20:27:54","modified_gmt":"2026-07-14T12:27:54","slug":"python-web","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/larkdrop.cafe\/index.php\/2026\/07\/14\/python-web\/","title":{"rendered":"Python Web"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

\u7c7b\u578b\u63d0\u793a<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

Java\u662f\u5f3a\u7c7b\u578b<\/strong>\u8bed\u8a00\u2014\u2014\u5b9a\u4e49\u53d8\u91cf\u3001\u5199\u65b9\u6cd5\u53c2\u6570\u65f6\uff0c\u5fc5\u987b\u663e\u5f0f\u58f0\u660e\u7c7b\u578b\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n

```\n\/\/ Java\uff1a\u7c7b\u578b\u662f\u5f3a\u5236\u7684\nString name = \"\u5f20\u4e09\";\nint age = 25;\n\npublic User login(String username, String password) {\n    \/\/ ...\n}\n```<\/pre>\n\n\n\n
\u800c\u5b66\u4e60Python\u8bed\u6cd5\u65f6\u4f1a\u53d1\u73b0\uff0cPython\u91cc\u4e0d\u7ba1\u662f\u53d8\u91cf\u8fd8\u662f\u65b9\u6cd5\u53c2\u6570\uff0c\u90fd\u4e0d\u9700\u8981\u5199\u7c7b\u578b<\/strong>\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n
```\n# Python\uff1a\u4e0d\u9700\u8981\u5199\u7c7b\u578b\nname = \"\u5f20\u4e09\"\nage = 25\n\ndef login(username, password):\n    # ...\n    pass\n```<\/pre>\n\n\n\n
Python\u4e0d\u5199\u7c7b\u578b\u5e26\u6765\u7684\u4fbf\u5229\uff1a<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n
    \n
  • \u5199\u8d77\u6765\u5feb\uff0c\u4ee3\u7801\u7b80\u6d01<\/li>\n\n\n\n
  • \u7075\u6d3b\uff0c\u540c\u4e00\u4e2a\u53d8\u91cf\u53ef\u4ee5\u5148\u5b58\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u518d\u5b58\u6570\u5b57\uff08\u867d\u7136\u4e0d\u63a8\u8350\uff09<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n
    \u4f46\u4e0d\u5199\u7c7b\u578b\u4e5f\u5e26\u6765\u4e86\u6f5c\u5728\u7684\u98ce\u9669\uff1a<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n
    \u6765\u770b\u4e00\u4e2a\u4f8b\u5b50\u3002\u5047\u8bbe\u6709\u8fd9\u6837\u4e00\u4e2a\u51fd\u6570\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n
    ```\ndef calculate_total(price, count):\n    return price * count\n```<\/pre>\n\n\n\n
    \u5149\u770b\u8fd9\u4e2a\u51fd\u6570\uff0c\u4f60\u80fd\u4e00\u773c\u8bf4\u6e05\u695a price<\/code> \u548c count<\/code> \u5e94\u8be5\u4f20\u4ec0\u4e48\u5417\uff1f<\/p>\n\n\n\n
      \n
    • price<\/code>\u00a0\u662f\u6574\u6570\u8fd8\u662f\u5c0f\u6570\uff1f<\/li>\n\n\n\n
    • count<\/code>\u00a0\u662f\u6570\u5b57\uff0c\u8fd8\u662f\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f20\u4e00\u4e2a\u5217\u8868\uff1f<\/li>\n\n\n\n
    • \u8fd4\u56de\u503c\u53c8\u662f\u4ec0\u4e48\u7c7b\u578b\uff1f<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n
      \u5982\u679c\u8c03\u7528\u7684\u65f6\u5019\u4e0d\u5c0f\u5fc3\u4f20\u9519\u4e86\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n
      ```\nresult = calculate_total(\"100\", 3)   # price\u4f20\u6210\u4e86\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\"100\"\n# \u7ed3\u679c\uff1aresult = \"100100100\"\uff08\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u91cd\u590d3\u6b21\uff0c\u4e0d\u662f300\uff01\uff09\n```<\/pre>\n\n\n\n
      \u8fd9\u79cd\u9519\u8bef\u5728Python\u91cc\u4e0d\u4f1a\u5728\u5199\u4ee3\u7801\u65f6\u62a5\u9519<\/strong>\uff0c\u8981\u7b49\u7a0b\u5e8f\u771f\u6b63\u8fd0\u884c\u5230\u8fd9\u4e00\u884c\u624d\u4f1a\u51fa\u95ee\u9898\uff08\u751a\u81f3\u50cf\u4e0a\u9762\u8fd9\u6837\u9ed8\u9ed8\u7b97\u51fa\u4e00\u4e2a\u9519\u8bef\u7ed3\u679c\uff0c\u8fde\u62a5\u9519\u90fd\u6ca1\u6709\uff09\u3002\u5728Java\u91cc\uff0c\u7f16\u8bd1\u671f\u5c31\u4f1a\u76f4\u63a5\u62a5\u9519\uff0c\u6839\u672c\u8fd0\u884c\u4e0d\u8d77\u6765\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n
      \u5728\u5927\u578b\u9879\u76ee\u4e2d\uff0c\u6ca1\u6709\u7c7b\u578b\u63d0\u793a\u7684\u95ee\u9898\u4f1a\u88ab\u653e\u5927\u3002<\/strong> \u4e0a\u9762\u53ea\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a3\u884c\u7684\u5c0f\u51fd\u6570\uff0c\u4f60\u8fd8\u80fd\u52c9\u5f3a\u731c\u51fa\u53c2\u6570\u542b\u4e49\u3002\u4f46\u771f\u5b9e\u9879\u76ee\u91cc\u6709\u6210\u767e\u4e0a\u5343\u4e2a\u51fd\u6570\u3001\u51e0\u5341\u4e2a\u4e92\u76f8\u8c03\u7528\u7684\u6a21\u5757\uff0c\u8fd9\u65f6\u5019\u6ca1\u6709\u7c7b\u578b\u63d0\u793a\u4f1a\u975e\u5e38\u75db\u82e6\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n
      \u4ee3\u7801\u89c4\u6a21\u8d8a\u5927\u3001\u534f\u4f5c\u7684\u4eba\u8d8a\u591a\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u95ee\u9898\u5c31\u8d8a\u4e25\u91cd\u3002\u6240\u4ee5\u5728\u5de5\u7a0b\u5b9e\u8df5\u4e2d\uff0c\u5927\u578bPython\u9879\u76ee\u51e0\u4e4e\u90fd\u4f1a\u8981\u6c42\u5199\u7c7b\u578b\u63d0\u793a<\/strong>\u2014\u2014\u5b83\u4e0d\u662f\u53ef\u6709\u53ef\u65e0\u7684\u88c5\u9970\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u8ba9\u5927\u9879\u76ee\u53ef\u7ef4\u62a4\u7684\u91cd\u8981\u624b\u6bb5\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n
      \u4e3a\u4e86\u65e2\u4fdd\u7559Python\u7684\u7075\u6d3b\uff0c\u53c8\u80fd\u83b7\u5f97\u7c7b\u4f3cJava\u7684”\u7c7b\u578b\u63d0\u793a”\u5e2e\u52a9\uff0cPython\u5f15\u5165\u4e86\u7c7b\u578b\u63d0\u793a\uff08Type Hints\uff09<\/strong>\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n
      \u7c7b\u578b\u63d0\u793a\u8bed\u6cd5<\/h3>\n\n\n\n
      \u53d8\u91cf\u7c7b\u578b\u63d0\u793a\u7684\u8bed\u6cd5\u662f\uff1a\u5728\u53d8\u91cf\u540d\u540e\u9762\u52a0 : \u7c7b\u578b<\/code><\/p>\n\n\n\n
      ```\n# \u8bed\u6cd5\uff1a\u53d8\u91cf\u540d: \u7c7b\u578b = \u503c\nname: str = \"\u5f20\u4e09\"          # name \u662f\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\nage: int = 25               # age \u662f\u6574\u6570\nprice: float = 9.9          # price \u662f\u6d6e\u70b9\u6570\nis_active: bool = True      # is_active \u662f\u5e03\u5c14\u503c\n```<\/pre>\n\n\n\n
      \u5e38\u7528\u7684\u57fa\u672c\u7c7b\u578b\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n
      \u7c7b\u578b<\/th>\u542b\u4e49<\/th>\u5bf9\u5e94Java<\/th><\/tr><\/thead>
      str<\/code><\/td>\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32<\/td>String<\/code><\/td><\/tr>
      int<\/code><\/td>\u6574\u6570<\/td>int<\/code> \/ Integer<\/code><\/td><\/tr>
      float<\/code><\/td>\u6d6e\u70b9\u6570<\/td>double<\/code><\/td><\/tr>
      bool<\/code><\/td>\u5e03\u5c14\u503c<\/td>boolean<\/code><\/td><\/tr>
      list<\/code><\/td>\u5217\u8868<\/td>List<\/code><\/td><\/tr>
      dict<\/code><\/td>\u5b57\u5178<\/td>Map<\/code><\/td><\/tr>
      Any<\/code><\/td>\u4efb\u610f\u7c7b\u578b<\/td>Object<\/code>\uff08\u7ea6\u7b49\u4e8e\uff09<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n
      \u5176\u4e2d Any<\/code> \u6bd4\u8f83\u7279\u6b8a\uff0c\u9700\u8981\u5355\u72ec\u8bf4\u660e\u4e00\u4e0b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n
      Any<\/code> \u8868\u793a”\u4efb\u610f\u7c7b\u578b”\u2014\u2014\u6807\u6ce8\u4e3a Any<\/code> \u7684\u53d8\u91cf\u6216\u53c2\u6570\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u662f\u4efb\u4f55\u7c7b\u578b\uff0c\u7c7b\u578b\u68c0\u67e5\u5de5\u5177\u5bf9\u5b83\u4e0d\u505a\u4efb\u4f55\u68c0\u67e5<\/strong>\u3002\u5b83\u76f8\u5f53\u4e8e”\u6211\u6682\u65f6\u4e0d\u60f3\uff08\u6216\u6ca1\u6cd5\uff09\u6807\u6ce8\u5177\u4f53\u7c7b\u578b\uff0c\u5148\u653e\u7740”\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n
      ```\nfrom typing import Any   # Any \u9700\u8981\u4ece typing \u6a21\u5757\u5bfc\u5165\n\ndef handle(data: Any) -> Any:\n    # data \u53ef\u4ee5\u662f\u4efb\u4f55\u7c7b\u578b\uff0c\u4f20\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u3001\u6570\u5b57\u3001\u5217\u8868\u3001\u5b57\u5178\u90fd\u884c\n    ...\n```<\/pre>\n\n\n\n
      \u4ec0\u4e48\u65f6\u5019\u7528 Any<\/code>\uff1f\u901a\u5e38\u662f\u786e\u5b9e\u65e0\u6cd5\u786e\u5b9a\u7c7b\u578b<\/strong>\u7684\u573a\u666f\uff0c\u6bd4\u5982\u5904\u7406\u4e00\u4e2a\u7ed3\u6784\u4e0d\u56fa\u5b9a\u7684JSON\u6570\u636e\u3001\u6216\u8005\u4e00\u4e2a\u7b2c\u4e09\u65b9\u5e93\u8fd4\u56de\u7684\u590d\u6742\u5bf9\u8c61\u3002\u4f46\u8981\u6ce8\u610f\uff1aAny<\/code> \u7528\u591a\u4e86\u5c31\u5931\u53bb\u4e86\u7c7b\u578b\u63d0\u793a\u7684\u610f\u4e49<\/strong>\uff08\u56e0\u4e3a\u5b83\u7b49\u4e8e\u653e\u5f03\u4e86\u7c7b\u578b\u68c0\u67e5\uff09\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u80fd\u5199\u5177\u4f53\u7c7b\u578b\u65f6\u5c31\u5c3d\u91cf\u5199\u5177\u4f53\u7c7b\u578b\uff0cAny<\/code> \u53ea\u5728\u5fc5\u8981\u65f6\u4f7f\u7528\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n
      \u5bf9\u4e8e\u5bb9\u5668\u7c7b\u578b\uff0c\u8fd8\u53ef\u4ee5\u8fdb\u4e00\u6b65\u6807\u6ce8\u91cc\u9762\u88c5\u7684\u662f\u4ec0\u4e48\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n
      ```\n# list[str]\uff1a\u4e00\u4e2a\u88c5\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u7684\u5217\u8868\nnames: list[str] = [\"\u5f20\u4e09\", \"\u674e\u56db\"]\n\n# dict[str, int]\uff1a\u4e00\u4e2akey\u662f\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u3001value\u662f\u6574\u6570\u7684\u5b57\u5178\nscores: dict[str, int] = {\"\u5f20\u4e09\": 90, \"\u674e\u56db\": 85}\n```<\/pre>\n\n\n\n
      \u65b9\u6cd5\u7684\u7c7b\u578b\u63d0\u793a\u5206\u4e24\u90e8\u5206\uff1a\u53c2\u6570\u7c7b\u578b<\/strong> \u548c \u8fd4\u56de\u503c\u7c7b\u578b<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n
      ```\n# \u8bed\u6cd5\uff1adef \u65b9\u6cd5\u540d(\u53c2\u6570: \u53c2\u6570\u7c7b\u578b) -> \u8fd4\u56de\u503c\u7c7b\u578b:\ndef login(username: str, password: str) -> bool:\n    # username \u548c password \u90fd\u662f\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\uff0c\u8fd4\u56de\u4e00\u4e2a\u5e03\u5c14\u503c\n    return username == \"admin\" and password == \"123456\"\n```<\/pre>\n\n\n\n
        \n
      • \u53c2\u6570\u7c7b\u578b\uff1a\u5728\u6bcf\u4e2a\u53c2\u6570\u540e\u9762\u52a0\u00a0: \u7c7b\u578b<\/code><\/li>\n\n\n\n
      • \u8fd4\u56de\u503c\u7c7b\u578b\uff1a\u5728\u53c2\u6570\u5217\u8868\u7684\u00a0)<\/code>\u00a0\u540e\u9762\u52a0\u00a0-> \u7c7b\u578b<\/code><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n
        \u56de\u5230\u524d\u9762\u90a3\u4e2a\u6709\u6b67\u4e49\u7684\u4f8b\u5b50\uff0c\u52a0\u4e0a\u7c7b\u578b\u63d0\u793a\u540e\u5c31\u4e00\u76ee\u4e86\u7136\u4e86\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n
        ```\ndef calculate_total(price: float, count: int) -> float:\n    \"\"\"price\u662f\u5355\u4ef7\uff08\u5c0f\u6570\uff09\uff0ccount\u662f\u6570\u91cf\uff08\u6574\u6570\uff09\uff0c\u8fd4\u56de\u603b\u4ef7\uff08\u5c0f\u6570\uff09\"\"\"\n    return price * count\n```<\/pre>\n\n\n\n
        \u73b0\u5728\u4efb\u4f55\u4eba\u770b\u5230\u8fd9\u4e2a\u51fd\u6570\uff0c\u90fd\u80fd\u7acb\u523b\u660e\u767d\uff1aprice<\/code> \u8981\u4f20\u5c0f\u6570\u3001count<\/code> \u8981\u4f20\u6574\u6570\u3001\u8fd4\u56de\u7684\u662f\u5c0f\u6570\u3002\u5982\u679c\u7528IDE\uff08\u5982PyCharm\uff09\u4f20\u9519\u4e86\u7c7b\u578b\uff0c\u7f16\u8f91\u5668\u4f1a\u76f4\u63a5\u7ed9\u51fa\u9ec4\u8272\u6ce2\u6d6a\u7ebf\u8b66\u544a\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n
        \u7c7b\u578b\u63d0\u793a\u53ea\u662f”\u63d0\u793a”<\/h3>\n\n\n\n
        \u8fd9\u662f\u548cJava\u6700\u5927\u7684\u533a\u522b\uff0c\u5fc5\u987b\u5f3a\u8c03\u4e00\u4e0b\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n
        Python\u7684\u7c7b\u578b\u63d0\u793a\u4ec5\u4ec5\u662f”\u63d0\u793a”\uff0c\u4e0d\u662f”\u5f3a\u5236”\u3002<\/strong> \u5b83\u4e0d\u4f1a\u5728\u8fd0\u884c\u65f6\u771f\u6b63\u68c0\u67e5\u7c7b\u578b\uff0c\u53ea\u662f\u7ed9\u5f00\u53d1\u8005\u548cIDE\u770b\u7684”\u8bf4\u660e\u4e66”\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n
        ```\ndef login(username: str, password: str) -> bool:\n    return True\n\n# \u5373\u4f7f\u628aint\u4f20\u7ed9\u6807\u6ce8\u4e3astr\u7684\u53c2\u6570\uff0cPython\u8fd0\u884c\u65f6\u4e5f\u4e0d\u4f1a\u62a5\u9519\uff01\nresult = login(123, 456)   # \u80fd\u6b63\u5e38\u8fd0\u884c\uff0c\u4e0d\u62a5\u9519\n```<\/pre>\n\n\n\n
        \u7c7b\u578b\u63d0\u793a\u7684\u771f\u6b63\u4ef7\u503c\u5728\u4e8e\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n
          \n
        • \u7ed9\u4eba\u770b<\/strong>\uff1a\u8ba9\u4ee3\u7801\u53ef\u8bfb\u6027\u66f4\u5f3a\uff0c\u522b\u4eba\uff08\u548c\u51e0\u4e2a\u6708\u540e\u7684\u4f60\uff09\u4e00\u770b\u5c31\u77e5\u9053\u8be5\u4f20\u4ec0\u4e48<\/li>\n\n\n\n
        • \u7ed9IDE\u770b<\/strong>\uff1aPyCharm\u3001VSCode \u80fd\u636e\u6b64\u505a\u81ea\u52a8\u8865\u5168\u3001\u9519\u8bef\u9ad8\u4eae<\/li>\n\n\n\n
        • \u7ed9\u5de5\u5177\u770b<\/strong>\uff1a\u914d\u5408\u00a0mypy<\/code>\u00a0\u8fd9\u7c7b\u9759\u6001\u68c0\u67e5\u5de5\u5177\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u8fd0\u884c\u524d\u53d1\u73b0\u7c7b\u578b\u9519\u8bef<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n
          \u9879\u76ee\u4e2d\u7684\u7c7b\u578b\u63d0\u793a<\/h3>\n\n\n\n
          \u5728\u540e\u7eed\u9879\u76ee\u4ee3\u7801\u91cc\uff0c\u4f1a\u770b\u5230\u5927\u91cf\u7c7b\u578b\u63d0\u793a\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n
          ```\ndef chat_history(thread_id: str) -> RedisChatMessageHistory:\n    # \u53c2\u6570 thread_id \u662f\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\uff0c\u8fd4\u56de\u4e00\u4e2a RedisChatMessageHistory \u5bf9\u8c61\n    ...\n\ndef create_multi_query_retriever(top_k: int) -> MultiQueryRetriever:\n    # \u53c2\u6570 top_k \u662f\u6574\u6570\uff0c\u8fd4\u56de\u4e00\u4e2a MultiQueryRetriever \u5bf9\u8c61\n    ...\n```<\/pre>\n\n\n\n
          \u770b\u5230\u8fd9\u4e9b\u7c7b\u578b\u63d0\u793a\uff0c\u5c31\u80fd\u5feb\u901f\u7406\u89e3\u6bcf\u4e2a\u51fd\u6570”\u8981\u4ec0\u4e48\u3001\u7ed9\u4ec0\u4e48”\uff0c\u8fd9\u5bf9\u9605\u8bfb\u9879\u76ee\u4ee3\u7801\u975e\u5e38\u6709\u5e2e\u52a9\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n
          —<\/p>\n\n\n\n
          @dataclass \u88c5\u9970\u5668<\/h2>\n\n\n\n
          \u5728 Java \u91cc\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u7ecf\u5e38\u5199\u4e00\u79cd”\u53ea\u7528\u6765\u88c5\u6570\u636e”\u7684\u7c7b\u2014\u2014POJO\/\u5b9e\u4f53\u7c7b\uff0c\u6bd4\u5982\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n
          ```\npublic class User {\n    private String name;\n    private int age;\n    private String city;\n    \/\/ \u6784\u9020\u65b9\u6cd5\u3001getter\u3001setter\u3001toString\u3001equals... \u4e00\u5927\u5806\u6837\u677f\u4ee3\u7801\n}\n```<\/pre>\n\n\n\n
          \u8fd9\u79cd\u7c7b\u9664\u4e86\u51e0\u4e2a\u5b57\u6bb5\uff0c\u5269\u4e0b\u7684\u5168\u662f\u6837\u677f\u4ee3\u7801<\/strong>\uff08\u6784\u9020\u65b9\u6cd5\u3001toString<\/code>\u3001equals<\/code> \u7b49\uff09\u3002Java \u91cc\u6211\u4eec\u7528 Lombok \u7684 @Data<\/code> \u6ce8\u89e3\u6765\u81ea\u52a8\u751f\u6210\u8fd9\u4e9b\u6837\u677f\u4ee3\u7801\uff0c\u7701\u5f97\u624b\u5199\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n
          Python \u91cc\u4e5f\u6709\u540c\u6837\u7684\u9700\u6c42\u2014\u2014\u7ecf\u5e38\u8981\u5b9a\u4e49”\u53ea\u7528\u6765\u88c5\u6570\u636e”\u7684\u7c7b\u3002\u5982\u679c\u624b\u5199\uff0c\u662f\u8fd9\u6837\u7684\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n
          ```\nclass User:\n    def __init__(self, name, age, city):\n        self.name = name      # \u6bcf\u4e2a\u5b57\u6bb5\u90fd\u8981\u5728 __init__ \u91cc\u624b\u52a8\u8d4b\u503c\u4e00\u904d\n        self.age = age\n        self.city = city\n\n    def __repr__(self):       # \u60f3\u6253\u5370\u597d\u770b\uff0c\u8fd8\u5f97\u81ea\u5df1\u5199 __repr__\n        return f\"User(name={self.name}, age={self.age}, city={self.city})\"\n```<\/pre>\n\n\n\n
          \u5b57\u6bb5\u4e00\u591a\uff0c\u8fd9\u79cd”self.xxx = xxx<\/code>“\u7684\u91cd\u590d\u8d4b\u503c\u5c31\u5f88\u5570\u55e6\u3002Python \u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86 @dataclass<\/code> \u88c5\u9970\u5668\u6765\u89e3\u51b3\u8fd9\u4e2a\u95ee\u9898\u2014\u2014\u5b83\u7684\u4f5c\u7528\u5c31\u76f8\u5f53\u4e8e Java \u7684 Lombok @Data<\/code><\/strong>\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n
          @dataclass<\/code> \u6765\u81ea\u6807\u51c6\u5e93 dataclasses<\/code>\uff0c\u7528\u6cd5\u662f\uff1a\u5728\u7c7b\u4e0a\u9762\u52a0 @dataclass<\/code> \u88c5\u9970\u5668\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u7528”\u5b57\u6bb5\u540d: \u7c7b\u578b”\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u58f0\u660e\u5b57\u6bb5\u5373\u53ef\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n
          ```\nfrom dataclasses import dataclass\n\n@dataclass\nclass User:\n    name: str       # \u76f4\u63a5\u58f0\u660e\u5b57\u6bb5\u540d\u548c\u7c7b\u578b\uff0c\u4e0d\u7528\u5199 __init__\n    age: int\n    city: str\n```<\/pre>\n\n\n\n
          \u5c31\u8fd9\u4e48\u51e0\u884c\uff0c@dataclass<\/code> \u4f1a\u81ea\u52a8\u5e2e\u6211\u4eec\u751f\u6210<\/strong>\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n
            \n
          • __init__<\/code>\u00a0\u6784\u9020\u65b9\u6cd5\uff08\u53c2\u6570\u5c31\u662f\u4e0a\u9762\u58f0\u660e\u7684\u90a3\u4e9b\u5b57\u6bb5\uff09<\/li>\n\n\n\n
          • __repr__<\/code>\uff08\u6253\u5370\u65f6\u663e\u793a\u6210\u00a0User(name='\u5f20\u4e09', age=25, city='\u676d\u5dde')<\/code>\uff09<\/li>\n\n\n\n
          • __eq__<\/code>\uff08\u4e24\u4e2a\u5bf9\u8c61\u5b57\u6bb5\u90fd\u76f8\u7b49\u65f6\uff0c==<\/code>\u00a0\u8fd4\u56de True\uff09<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n
            \u7528\u8d77\u6765\u548c\u666e\u901a\u7c7b\u5b8c\u5168\u4e00\u6837\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n
            ```\n# \u81ea\u52a8\u751f\u6210\u4e86 __init__\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u76f4\u63a5\u6309\u5b57\u6bb5\u987a\u5e8f\u521b\u5efa\u5bf9\u8c61\nu = User(\"\u5f20\u4e09\", 25, \"\u676d\u5dde\")\n\n# \u8bbf\u95ee\u5b57\u6bb5\nprint(u.name)    # \u5f20\u4e09\nprint(u.age)     # 25\n\n# \u81ea\u52a8\u751f\u6210\u4e86 __repr__\uff0c\u6253\u5370\u5f88\u53cb\u597d\nprint(u)         # User(name='\u5f20\u4e09', age=25, city='\u676d\u5dde')\n\n# \u81ea\u52a8\u751f\u6210\u4e86 __eq__\uff0c\u5b57\u6bb5\u90fd\u76f8\u7b49\u5c31\u5224\u5b9a\u76f8\u7b49\nu2 = User(\"\u5f20\u4e09\", 25, \"\u676d\u5dde\")\nprint(u == u2)   # True\n```<\/pre>\n\n\n\n
            \u548c\u666e\u901a\u51fd\u6570\u53c2\u6570\u4e00\u6837\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u7ed9\u5b57\u6bb5\u52a0\u9ed8\u8ba4\u503c\u3002\u6ce8\u610f\uff1a\u6709\u9ed8\u8ba4\u503c\u7684\u5b57\u6bb5\u5fc5\u987b\u6392\u5728\u6ca1\u9ed8\u8ba4\u503c\u7684\u5b57\u6bb5\u540e\u9762<\/strong>\uff08\u548c\u51fd\u6570\u53c2\u6570\u89c4\u5219\u4e00\u81f4\uff09\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n
            ```\nfrom dataclasses import dataclass\n\n@dataclass\nclass User:\n    name: str\n    age: int\n    city: str = \"\u676d\u5dde\"     # \u9ed8\u8ba4\u503c\uff0c\u521b\u5efa\u5bf9\u8c61\u65f6\u53ef\u4ee5\u4e0d\u4f20\n\nu = User(\"\u674e\u56db\", 30)       # \u6ca1\u4f20 city\uff0c\u7528\u9ed8\u8ba4\u503c\nprint(u)                   # User(name='\u674e\u56db', age=30, city='\u676d\u5dde')\n```<\/pre>\n\n\n\n
            @dataclass<\/code> \u8fd8\u53ef\u4ee5\u52a0\u53c2\u6570\u3002\u6700\u5e38\u7528\u7684\u662f frozen=True<\/code>\uff0c\u5b83\u4f1a\u8ba9\u751f\u6210\u7684\u5bf9\u8c61\u4e0d\u53ef\u4fee\u6539<\/strong>\uff08\u7c7b\u4f3c Java \u91cc\u7ed9\u5b57\u6bb5\u90fd\u52a0 final<\/code>\uff09\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n
            ```\nfrom dataclasses import dataclass\n\n@dataclass(frozen=True)\nclass Point:\n    x: int\n    y: int\n\np = Point(1, 2)\nprint(p.x)        # 1\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u8bfb\n\np.x = 10          # \u274c \u62a5\u9519\uff01frozen \u5bf9\u8c61\u4e0d\u5141\u8bb8\u4fee\u6539\u5b57\u6bb5\n# dataclasses.FrozenInstanceError: cannot assign to field 'x'\n```<\/pre>\n\n\n\n
            \u4ec0\u4e48\u65f6\u5019\u7528 frozen=True<\/code>\uff1f\u5f53\u8fd9\u4e2a\u6570\u636e\u5bf9\u8c61\u521b\u5efa\u540e\u5c31\u4e0d\u5e94\u8be5\u518d\u88ab\u6539\u52a8<\/strong>\u65f6\uff08\u6bd4\u5982\u914d\u7f6e\u9879\u3001\u5750\u6807\u70b9\u8fd9\u7c7b”\u503c\u5bf9\u8c61”\uff09\uff0c\u7528\u5b83\u80fd\u9632\u6b62\u8bef\u6539\uff0c\u8ba9\u4ee3\u7801\u66f4\u5b89\u5168\u3002\u540e\u7eed\u9879\u76ee\u4ee3\u7801\u91cc\u4f60\u4f1a\u770b\u5230 @dataclass(frozen=True)<\/code> \u8fd9\u79cd\u5199\u6cd5\uff0c\u5c31\u662f\u5728\u5b9a\u4e49\u8fd9\u79cd\u53ea\u8bfb\u6570\u636e\u5bf9\u8c61\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n
            —<\/p>\n\n\n\n
            \u5f3a\u5236\u5173\u952e\u5b57\u53c2\u6570<\/h2>\n\n\n\n
            \u5728\u8c03\u7528Python\u51fd\u6570\u65f6\uff0c\u4f20\u53c2\u6709\u4e24\u79cd\u65b9\u5f0f\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n
            ```\ndef create_user(name, age, city):\n    print(f\"{name}, {age}\u5c81, \u6765\u81ea{city}\")\n\n# \u65b9\u5f0f1\uff1a\u4f4d\u7f6e\u53c2\u6570 \u2014\u2014 \u6309\u4f4d\u7f6e\u987a\u5e8f\u4f20\uff0c\u7b2c1\u4e2a\u7ed9name\uff0c\u7b2c2\u4e2a\u7ed9age...\ncreate_user(\"\u5f20\u4e09\", 25, \"\u676d\u5dde\")\n\n# \u65b9\u5f0f2\uff1a\u5173\u952e\u5b57\u53c2\u6570 \u2014\u2014 \u660e\u786e\u5199\u51fa\u53c2\u6570\u540d\uff0c\u987a\u5e8f\u65e0\u6240\u8c13\ncreate_user(name=\"\u5f20\u4e09\", age=25, city=\"\u676d\u5dde\")\ncreate_user(city=\"\u676d\u5dde\", name=\"\u5f20\u4e09\", age=25)   # \u987a\u5e8f\u6253\u4e71\u4e5f\u6ca1\u5173\u7cfb\n```<\/pre>\n\n\n\n
            \u9664\u4e86\u4e0a\u9762\u4e24\u79cd\uff0cPython\u8fd8\u6709\u7b2c\u4e09\u79cd\u53c2\u6570\u5b9a\u4e49\u65b9\u5f0f\u2014\u2014\u5f3a\u5236\u5173\u952e\u5b57\u53c2\u6570<\/strong>\uff1a\u5f3a\u5236\u8981\u6c42\u8c03\u7528\u8005\u5fc5\u987b\u7528”\u53c2\u6570\u540d=\u503c”\u7684\u5f62\u5f0f<\/strong>\u4f20\u53c2\uff0c\u4e0d\u5141\u8bb8\u7528\u4f4d\u7f6e\u4f20\u53c2\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n
            \u8bed\u6cd5\u662f\uff1a\u5728\u53c2\u6570\u5217\u8868\u91cc\u52a0\u4e00\u4e2a *<\/code>\uff0c*<\/code> \u540e\u9762\u7684\u6240\u6709\u53c2\u6570\u90fd\u53d8\u6210\u5f3a\u5236\u5173\u952e\u5b57\u53c2\u6570<\/strong>\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n
            ```\n# * \u540e\u9762\u7684 age \u548c city \u53d8\u6210\u5f3a\u5236\u5173\u952e\u5b57\u53c2\u6570\ndef create_user(name, *, age, city):\n    print(f\"{name}, {age}\u5c81, \u6765\u81ea{city}\")\n\n# \u2705 \u6b63\u786e\uff1aage \u548c city \u5fc5\u987b\u5199\u53c2\u6570\u540d\ncreate_user(\"\u5f20\u4e09\", age=25, city=\"\u676d\u5dde\")\n\n# \u274c \u9519\u8bef\uff1aage \u548c city \u4e0d\u80fd\u7528\u4f4d\u7f6e\u4f20\u53c2\ncreate_user(\"\u5f20\u4e09\", 25, \"\u676d\u5dde\")   # \u62a5\u9519\uff1aTypeError\n```<\/pre>\n\n\n\n
            \u6ce8\u610f *<\/code> \u672c\u8eab\u4e0d\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u53c2\u6570\uff0c\u5b83\u53ea\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a”\u5206\u754c\u7ebf”\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n
              \n
            • *<\/code>\u00a0\u524d\u9762<\/strong>\u7684\u53c2\u6570\uff08\u5982\u00a0name<\/code>\uff09\uff1a\u6b63\u5e38\u53c2\u6570\uff0c\u4f4d\u7f6e\u4f20\/\u5173\u952e\u5b57\u4f20\u90fd\u884c<\/li>\n\n\n\n
            • *<\/code>\u00a0\u540e\u9762<\/strong>\u7684\u53c2\u6570\uff08\u5982\u00a0age<\/code>\u3001city<\/code>\uff09\uff1a\u5f3a\u5236\u5173\u952e\u5b57\u53c2\u6570\uff0c\u5fc5\u987b\u5199\u53c2\u6570\u540d<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n
              \u8fd9\u6837\u505a\u7684\u597d\u5904<\/strong>\u662f\u63d0\u5347\u53ef\u8bfb\u6027\u3001\u907f\u514d\u4f20\u53c2\u51fa\u9519\u2014\u2014\u5f53\u53c2\u6570\u5f88\u591a\uff08\u5c24\u5176\u662f\u6709\u591a\u4e2a\u5e03\u5c14\u503c\u6216\u6570\u5b57\uff09\u65f6\uff0c\u5f3a\u5236\u5199\u53c2\u6570\u540d\u80fd\u8ba9\u8c03\u7528\u4ee3\u7801\u4e00\u76ee\u4e86\u7136\uff0c\u4e0d\u4f1a\u56e0\u4e3a\u987a\u5e8f\u95ee\u9898\u628a\u53c2\u6570\u4f20\u53cd\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n
              \u9879\u76ee\u7684\u7ea6\u4f1a\u89c4\u5212\u4ee3\u7801\u91cc\u5c31\u7528\u5230\u4e86\u8fd9\u4e2a\u8bed\u6cd5\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n
              ```\ndef _research_recommendations(\n        state,\n        *,                          # \u8fd9\u4e2a\u661f\u53f7\u540e\u9762\u5168\u662f\u5f3a\u5236\u5173\u952e\u5b57\u53c2\u6570\n        query_terms,\n        prompt_factory,\n        output_key,\n        found_key,\n        include_weather=False,\n):\n    ...\n\n# \u8c03\u7528\u65f6\uff0c\u661f\u53f7\u540e\u9762\u7684\u53c2\u6570\u5fc5\u987b\u5199\u53c2\u6570\u540d\n_research_recommendations(\n    state,\n    query_terms=\"...\",          # \u5fc5\u987b\u5199 query_terms=\n    prompt_factory=...,         # \u5fc5\u987b\u5199 prompt_factory=\n    output_key=\"activity_recommendations\",\n    found_key=\"activity_search_found\",\n    include_weather=True,\n)\n```<\/pre>\n\n\n\n
              —<\/p>\n\n\n\n
              \u865a\u62df\u73af\u5883<\/h2>\n\n\n\n
              \u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7pip\u5728\u5f53\u524d\u9879\u76ee\u4e2d\u5f15\u5165\u6240\u9700\u7684\u4f9d\u8d56\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\uff0cpip<\/code>\u8fd9\u4e2a\u5de5\u5177\u8fdc\u6ca1\u6709JAVA\u4e2d\u7684Maven\u90a3\u4e48\u5f3a\u5927\uff0c\u4ece\u4f9d\u8d56\u7ba1\u7406\u7684\u89d2\u5ea6\u6765\u8bf4\uff0cpip<\/code> \u4e0d\u652f\u6301\u540c\u4e00\u4e2a\u5e93\u88c5\u591a\u4e2a\u7248\u672c\u3002\u8fd9\u610f\u5473\u7740<\/strong>\u5bf9\u540c\u4e00\u4e2a pip \u4f9d\u8d56\u76ee\u5f55\uff08\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u5e93\u7684\u5b89\u88c5\u76ee\u5f55\uff09\u6765\u8bf4\uff0c\u4e00\u4e2a\u5e93\uff08\u6bd4\u5982 langchain<\/code>\uff09\u5728\u540c\u4e00\u65f6\u523b\u53ea\u80fd\u5b58\u5728\u4e00\u4e2a\u7248\u672c\u3002\u4f60 pip install langchain==1.0<\/code>\uff0c\u5b83\u5c31\u4f1a\u628a\u539f\u6765\u7684 langchain==0.1<\/code> \u8986\u76d6\u6389\u2014\u2014\u4e0d\u662f\u4e24\u4e2a\u7248\u672c\u5e76\u5b58\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u540e\u88c5\u7684\u628a\u5148\u88c5\u7684\u9876\u66ff\u4e86\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n
              \u8fd9\u4e2a\u7279\u6027\u5728\u53ea\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u9879\u76ee\u65f6\u6ca1\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u4f46\u5f53\u4f60\u7684\u7535\u8111\u4e0a\u6709\u591a\u4e2a\u9879\u76ee\u3001\u5b83\u4eec\u9700\u8981\u7684\u5e93\u7248\u672c\u4e0d\u4e00\u6837\u65f6\uff0c\u9ebb\u70e6\u5c31\u6765\u4e86<\/strong>\u3002\u8bbe\u60f3\u4f60\u540c\u65f6\u5f00\u53d1\u4e24\u4e2aPython\u9879\u76ee\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n
                \n
              • \u9879\u76eeA<\/strong>\uff1a\u4e00\u4e2a\u8001\u9879\u76ee\uff0c\u4f9d\u8d56\u00a0langchain<\/code>\u00a0\u7684 0.1 \u7248\u672c<\/li>\n\n\n\n
              • \u9879\u76eeB<\/strong>\uff1a\u6211\u4eec\u8fd9\u4e2a\u65b0\u9879\u76ee\uff0c\u4f9d\u8d56\u00a0langchain<\/code>\u00a0\u7684 1.0 \u7248\u672c<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n
                \u5982\u679c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u5e93\u90fd\u88c5\u5728\u540c\u4e00\u4e2a pip \u4f9d\u8d56\u76ee\u5f55<\/strong>\u91cc\uff08\u6bd4\u5982\u76f4\u63a5\u88c5\u5728\u4f60\u5b89\u88c5Python\u65f6\u90a3\u4e2a\u9ed8\u8ba4\u7684\u4f9d\u8d56\u76ee\u5f55\u91cc\uff0c\u6240\u6709\u9879\u76ee\u90fd\u5171\u7528\u5b83\uff09\uff0c\u5c31\u4f1a\u51fa\u73b0\u51b2\u7a81\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n
                ```\n\u4f60\u4e3a\u9879\u76eeB\u88c5\u4e86 langchain==1.0\n   \u2193\n\u56e0\u4e3a pip \u4e0d\u652f\u6301\u591a\u7248\u672c\uff0c\u9879\u76eeA\u539f\u6765\u7684 langchain==0.1 \u88ab\u8986\u76d6\u4e86\n   \u2193\n\u9879\u76eeA\u8dd1\u4e0d\u8d77\u6765\u4e86\uff01\n```<\/pre>\n\n\n\n
                \u9879\u76eeA\u89810.1\u3001\u9879\u76eeB\u89811.0\uff0c\u4f46\u5171\u7528\u7684\u8fd9\u4e2a\u4f9d\u8d56\u76ee\u5f55\u91cc langchain<\/code> \u53ea\u80fd\u7559\u4e00\u4e2a\u7248\u672c\uff0c\u4e24\u8005\u65e0\u6cd5\u5171\u5b58\u2014\u2014\u8fd9\u5c31\u662f”\u4f9d\u8d56\u51b2\u7a81”\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n
                \u7c7b\u6bd4Java\uff1a\u8fd9\u5c31\u597d\u6bd4\u6240\u6709Maven\u9879\u76ee\u5171\u7528\u540c\u4e00\u4e2a lib<\/code> \u76ee\u5f55\uff0cA\u9879\u76ee\u8981 fastjson 1.x<\/code>\uff0cB\u9879\u76ee\u8981 fastjson 2.x<\/code>\uff0c\u4f46\u76ee\u5f55\u91cc\u540c\u4e00\u4e2ajar\u53ea\u80fd\u653e\u4e00\u4e2a\u7248\u672c\uff0c\u5fc5\u7136\u6253\u67b6\u3002\uff08Java\u5b9e\u9645\u4e0a\u9760Maven\u7684\u672c\u5730\u4ed3\u5e93 + \u6bcf\u4e2a\u9879\u76ee\u72ec\u7acb\u7684\u4f9d\u8d56\u58f0\u660e\u907f\u514d\u4e86\u8fd9\u4e2a\u95ee\u9898\u3002\uff09<\/p>\n\n\n\n
                \u865a\u62df\u73af\u5883\u662f\u4ec0\u4e48<\/h3>\n\n\n\n
                \u4e3a\u4e86\u89e3\u51b3\u8fd9\u4e2a\u95ee\u9898\uff0cPython\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u865a\u62df\u73af\u5883\uff08Virtual Environment\uff09<\/strong>\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n
                \u6838\u5fc3\u601d\u60f3\uff1a\u7ed9\u6bcf\u4e2a\u9879\u76ee\u521b\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2a\u72ec\u7acb\u7684\u3001\u9694\u79bb\u7684 pip \u4f9d\u8d56\u76ee\u5f55\u3002<\/strong> \u6bcf\u4e2a\u9879\u76ee\u6709\u81ea\u5df1\u4e13\u5c5e\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u4f9d\u8d56\u76ee\u5f55\uff0c\u4e92\u4e0d\u5f71\u54cd\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n
                ```\n\u9879\u76eeA \u7684\u865a\u62df\u73af\u5883 \u2192 \u4f9d\u8d56\u76ee\u5f55\u91cc\u88c5\u7740 langchain==0.1\n\u9879\u76eeB \u7684\u865a\u62df\u73af\u5883 \u2192 \u4f9d\u8d56\u76ee\u5f55\u91cc\u88c5\u7740 langchain==1.0\n\u4e24\u4e2a\u4f9d\u8d56\u76ee\u5f55\u4e92\u76f8\u9694\u79bb\uff0c\u8c01\u4e5f\u4e0d\u5f71\u54cd\u8c01\n```<\/pre>\n\n\n\n
                \u8fd9\u6837\uff0c\u9879\u76eeA\u7528\u5b83\u81ea\u5df1\u4f9d\u8d56\u76ee\u5f55\u91cc\u76840.1\uff0c\u9879\u76eeB\u7528\u5b83\u81ea\u5df1\u4f9d\u8d56\u76ee\u5f55\u91cc\u76841.0\uff0c\u867d\u7136 pip<\/code> \u8fd8\u662f\u4e0d\u652f\u6301\u591a\u7248\u672c\uff0c\u4f46\u56e0\u4e3a\u4e24\u4e2a\u7248\u672c\u5206\u522b\u88c5\u5728\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u4f9d\u8d56\u76ee\u5f55<\/strong>\u91cc\uff0c\u5c31\u4e0d\u4f1a\u4e92\u76f8\u8986\u76d6\u4e86\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n
                \u865a\u62df\u73af\u5883\u7684\u539f\u7406<\/h3>\n\n\n\n
                \u865a\u62df\u73af\u5883\u7684\u5b9e\u73b0\u539f\u7406\u5176\u5b9e\u5f88\u6734\u7d20\u2014\u2014\u5b83\u672c\u8d28\u4e0a\u5c31\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u72ec\u7acb\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\u5939<\/strong>\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n
                \u5f53\u4f60\u4e3a\u9879\u76ee\u521b\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2a\u865a\u62df\u73af\u5883\u65f6\uff0c\u4f1a\u5728\u9879\u76ee\u76ee\u5f55\u4e0b\u751f\u6210\u4e00\u4e2a\u6587\u4ef6\u5939\uff08\u901a\u5e38\u53eb .venv<\/code> \u6216 venv<\/code>\uff09\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e2a\u6587\u4ef6\u5939\u91cc\u6700\u5173\u952e\u7684\u4e1c\u897f\u662f\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n
                  \n
                • \u4e00\u4e2a\u72ec\u7acb\u7684\u00a0site-packages<\/code>\u00a0\u76ee\u5f55<\/strong>\u2014\u2014\u8fd9\u5c31\u662f\u524d\u9762\u4e00\u76f4\u8bf4\u7684”pip \u4f9d\u8d56\u76ee\u5f55”\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e2a\u9879\u76ee\u00a0pip install<\/code>\u00a0\u88c5\u7684\u6240\u6709\u5e93\u90fd\u8fdb\u5230\u8fd9\u91cc\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u88c5\u5230Python\u9ed8\u8ba4\u7684\u90a3\u4e2a\u4f9d\u8d56\u76ee\u5f55\u91cc<\/li>\n\n\n\n
                • \u4e00\u4e9b\u6fc0\u6d3b\u811a\u672c\u548c\u4e00\u4e2a\u6307\u5411\u7cfb\u7edfPython\u89e3\u91ca\u5668\u7684\u5165\u53e3<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n
                  \u8fd9\u91cc\u8981\u6f84\u6e05\u4e00\u4e2a\u5e38\u89c1\u7684\u8bef\u89e3\uff1a\u865a\u62df\u73af\u5883\u5e76\u4e0d\u4f1a\u590d\u5236\u4e00\u4efd\u5b8c\u6574\u7684Python\u89e3\u91ca\u5668\u3002<\/strong> \u771f\u6b63\u5e72\u6d3b\u7684Python\u89e3\u91ca\u5668\u8fd8\u662f\u4f60\u7535\u8111\u4e0a\u5b89\u88c5\u7684\u90a3\u4e2a\uff0c\u865a\u62df\u73af\u5883\u53ea\u662f\u5efa\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a”\u8f7b\u91cf\u7684\u5165\u53e3”\u6307\u5411\u5b83\u3002\u865a\u62df\u73af\u5883\u771f\u6b63\u9694\u79bb\u7684\u3001\u6bcf\u4e2a\u9879\u76ee\u5404\u81ea\u72ec\u7acb\u7684\uff0c\u662f\u4f9d\u8d56\u76ee\u5f55\uff08site-packages<\/code>\uff09<\/strong>\u2014\u2014\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f”\u88c5\u54ea\u4e9b\u5e93\u3001\u88c5\u4ec0\u4e48\u7248\u672c”\u8fd9\u90e8\u5206\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n
                  \u5f53\u4f60”\u6fc0\u6d3b”\u8fd9\u4e2a\u865a\u62df\u73af\u5883\u540e\uff0c\u547d\u4ee4\u884c\u91cc\u7684 python<\/code> \u548c pip<\/code> \u547d\u4ee4\u5c31\u4f1a\u6539\u7528\u8fd9\u4e2a\u6587\u4ef6\u5939\u91cc\u7684\u914d\u7f6e\u3002\u4e8e\u662f\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n
                    \n
                  • pip install xxx<\/code>\u00a0\u2192 \u88c5\u5230\u5f53\u524d\u9879\u76ee\u865a\u62df\u73af\u5883\u7684\u00a0site-packages<\/code>\u00a0\u4f9d\u8d56\u76ee\u5f55\u91cc<\/li>\n\n\n\n
                  • import xxx<\/code>\u00a0\u2192 \u4ece\u5f53\u524d\u9879\u76ee\u865a\u62df\u73af\u5883\u7684\u00a0site-packages<\/code>\u00a0\u4f9d\u8d56\u76ee\u5f55\u91cc\u627e<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n
                    \u6bcf\u4e2a\u9879\u76ee\u4e00\u4e2a\u6587\u4ef6\u5939\u3001\u5404\u81ea\u4e00\u4e2a\u4f9d\u8d56\u76ee\u5f55\uff0c\u6587\u4ef6\u5939\u4e4b\u95f4\u5929\u7136\u9694\u79bb\uff0c\u8fd9\u5c31\u5b9e\u73b0\u4e86”\u6bcf\u4e2a\u9879\u76ee\u4e00\u4e2a\u72ec\u7acb\u7684 pip \u4f9d\u8d56\u76ee\u5f55”\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n
                    \u5728PyCharm\u4e2d\u4f7f\u7528\u865a\u62df\u73af\u5883<\/h3>\n\n\n\n
                    \u5b9e\u9645\u5f00\u53d1\u4e2d\u6211\u4eec\u7528PyCharm\uff0c\u5b83\u5df2\u7ecf\u628a\u865a\u62df\u73af\u5883\u7684\u521b\u5efa\u548c\u6fc0\u6d3b\u90fd\u505a\u597d\u4e86\uff0c\u57fa\u672c\u4e0d\u7528\u624b\u6572\u547d\u4ee4\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n
                    \u65b9\u5f0f\u4e00\uff1a\u65b0\u5efa\u9879\u76ee\u65f6\u81ea\u52a8\u521b\u5efa<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n
                    \u7528PyCharm\u65b0\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2aPython\u9879\u76ee\u65f6\uff0c\u5728\u521b\u5efa\u754c\u9762\u91cc\u4f1a\u6709”Python\u89e3\u91ca\u5668”\u76f8\u5173\u7684\u9009\u9879\uff0c\u9ed8\u8ba4\u5c31\u662f New environment\uff08\u65b0\u5efa\u865a\u62df\u73af\u5883\uff09<\/strong>\uff0c\u7c7b\u578b\u9009 Virtualenv<\/code>\u3002\u4fdd\u6301\u9ed8\u8ba4\u5373\u53ef\u2014\u2014PyCharm\u4f1a\u81ea\u52a8\u5728\u9879\u76ee\u76ee\u5f55\u4e0b\u521b\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2a .venv<\/code> \u6587\u4ef6\u5939\u4f5c\u4e3a\u8fd9\u4e2a\u9879\u76ee\u7684\u865a\u62df\u73af\u5883\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n
                    \u65b9\u5f0f\u4e8c\uff1a\u4e3a\u5df2\u6709\u9879\u76ee\u914d\u7f6e\u865a\u62df\u73af\u5883<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n
                    \u6253\u5f00\u6211\u4eec\u8fd9\u4e2a\u9879\u76ee\u540e\uff0c\u9700\u8981\u786e\u8ba4\/\u914d\u7f6e\u5b83\u7528\u7684\u89e3\u91ca\u5668\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n
                      \n
                    1. \u6253\u5f00\u00a0File<\/code>\u00a0\u2192\u00a0Settings<\/code>\uff08macOS \u662f\u00a0PyCharm<\/code>\u00a0\u2192\u00a0Preferences<\/code>\uff09<\/li>\n\n\n\n
                    2. \u8fdb\u5165\u00a0Project: \u9879\u76ee\u540d<\/code>\u00a0\u2192\u00a0Python Interpreter<\/code><\/li>\n\n\n\n
                    3. \u5982\u679c\u9879\u76ee\u91cc\u5df2\u7ecf\u6709\u00a0.venv<\/code>\uff0cPyCharm\u901a\u5e38\u4f1a\u81ea\u52a8\u8bc6\u522b\uff1b\u5982\u679c\u6ca1\u6709\uff0c\u70b9\u53f3\u4e0a\u89d2\u9f7f\u8f6e\/Add Interpreter<\/code>\u00a0\u2192\u00a0Add Local Interpreter<\/code>\u00a0\u2192 \u9009\u00a0Virtualenv Environment<\/code>\u00a0\u2192\u00a0New<\/code>\uff0cPyCharm\u5c31\u4f1a\u521b\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2a\u65b0\u7684\u865a\u62df\u73af\u5883<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n
                      \u914d\u7f6e\u597d\u4e4b\u540e<\/strong>\uff0cPyCharm\u4f1a\u81ea\u52a8\u6fc0\u6d3b\u8fd9\u4e2a\u865a\u62df\u73af\u5883\u2014\u2014\u4f60\u6253\u5f00PyCharm\u4e0b\u65b9\u7684 Terminal<\/code>\uff0c\u4f1a\u770b\u5230\u547d\u4ee4\u884c\u524d\u9762\u5e26\u7740 (.venv)<\/code> \u5b57\u6837\uff0c\u8868\u793a\u5f53\u524d\u5c31\u5728\u8fd9\u4e2a\u865a\u62df\u73af\u5883\u91cc\u3002\u6b64\u65f6\u76f4\u63a5\u5b89\u88c5\u9879\u76ee\u4f9d\u8d56\u5373\u53ef\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n
                      ```\npip install -r requirements.txt\n```<\/pre>\n\n\n\n
                      \u88c5\u7684\u6240\u6709\u5e93\u90fd\u4f1a\u8fdb\u5165\u8fd9\u4e2a\u9879\u76ee\u4e13\u5c5e\u7684 .venv<\/code>\uff0c\u4e0d\u4f1a\u5f71\u54cd\u522b\u7684\u9879\u76ee\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n
                      \n
                      \u7406\u89e3\u4e86\u80cc\u540e\u7684\u539f\u7406\u2014\u2014”\u6bcf\u4e2a\u9879\u76ee\u4e00\u4e2a\u72ec\u7acb\u6587\u4ef6\u5939\u5b58\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u5e93”\u2014\u2014\u80fd\u5e2e\u4f60\u641e\u6e05\u695a\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u6709\u65f6\u5019”\u660e\u660e\u88c5\u4e86\u5e93\u5374 import \u4e0d\u5230”\uff1a\u5f80\u5f80\u662f\u4f60\u88c5\u5e93\u65f6\u7528\u7684\u73af\u5883\uff0c\u548cPyCharm\u91cc\u9879\u76ee\u914d\u7f6e\u7684\u89e3\u91ca\u5668\u4e0d\u662f\u540c\u4e00\u4e2a\uff0c\u5e93\u88c5\u5230\u522b\u7684\u73af\u5883\u53bb\u4e86\u3002<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n
                      \u5c0f\u7ed3<\/h3>\n\n\n\n
                      \u95ee\u9898<\/th>\u865a\u62df\u73af\u5883\u7684\u89e3\u51b3\u65b9\u5f0f<\/th><\/tr><\/thead>
                      pip\u4e0d\u652f\u6301\u540c\u4e00\u4e2a\u5e93\u591a\u7248\u672c\uff0c\u591a\u9879\u76ee\u7248\u672c\u9700\u6c42\u51b2\u7a81<\/td>\u6bcf\u4e2a\u9879\u76ee\u4e00\u4e2a\u72ec\u7acb\u7684 pip \u4f9d\u8d56\u76ee\u5f55\uff0c\u5404\u88c5\u5404\u7684\u7248\u672c\uff0c\u5206\u522b\u9694\u79bb<\/td><\/tr>
                      \u4e0d\u77e5\u9053\u5e93\u88c5\u54ea\u4e86<\/td>\u90fd\u88c5\u5728\u9879\u76ee\u81ea\u5df1\u7684 .venv<\/code> \u6587\u4ef6\u5939\u91cc<\/td><\/tr>
                      \u73af\u5883\u4e92\u76f8\u6c61\u67d3<\/td>\u6587\u4ef6\u5939\u9694\u79bb\uff0c\u4e92\u4e0d\u5f71\u54cd<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n
                      \u5728\u9879\u76ee\u91cc\uff0c\u7b2c\u4e00\u6b65\u5c31\u5e94\u8be5\u5148\u7528PyCharm\u4e3a\u9879\u76ee\u914d\u7f6e\u597d\u865a\u62df\u73af\u5883\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u518d\u00a0pip install -r requirements.txt<\/code>\u00a0\u5b89\u88c5\u9879\u76ee\u4f9d\u8d56\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n
                      \"\"<\/div><\/figure>\n\n\n\n
                      \u5229\u7528Python\u8bed\u8a00\uff0c\u5982\u4f55\u5b9e\u73b0\u540e\u7aef\u529f\u80fd\u5462\uff1f\u8981\u5b9e\u73b0\u4e00\u4e2a\u5b8c\u6574\u7684\u540e\u7aef\u670d\u52a1\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u9700\u8981\u4ece\u4e24\u4e2a\u5c42\u9762\u6765\u8003\u8651\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n
                        \n
                      1. Web\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u5c42\u9762<\/strong>\uff1a\u89e3\u51b3”\u5982\u4f55\u63a5\u6536\u8bf7\u6c42”\u7684\u95ee\u9898<\/li>\n\n\n\n
                      2. Web\u5e94\u7528\u5c42\u9762<\/strong>\uff1a\u89e3\u51b3”\u5982\u4f55\u5904\u7406\u8bf7\u6c42”\u7684\u95ee\u9898<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n
                        \u8fd9\u8981\u89e3\u51b3\u4e86\u8fd9\u4e24\u4e2a\u5c42\u9762\u7684\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5c31\u53ef\u4ee5\u63a5\u6536\u5230\u8bf7\u6c42\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u80fd\u5904\u7406\u8bf7\u6c42\uff0c\u540e\u7aef\u529f\u80fd\u81ea\u7136\u5c31\u53ef\u4ee5\u5b9e\u73b0<\/p>\n\n\n\n
                        Web\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u5c42\u9762<\/h2>\n\n\n\n
                        \u5728\u5b66\u4e60Python\u7684Web\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u4e4b\u524d\uff0c\u5148\u56de\u987e\u4e00\u4e0bJava\u4e2d\u6700\u719f\u6089\u7684Web\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u2014\u2014Tomcat<\/strong>\uff0c\u6211\u4e48\u6765\u56de\u987e\u4e00\u4e0b\u5b83\u7684\u4e00\u6b21\u8bf7\u6c42\u54cd\u5e94\u8fc7\u7a0b\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n
                          \n
                        • \u9996\u5148\uff0c\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u524d\u63d0\u6761\u4ef6\u5c31\u662f\u6211\u4eec\u5f97\u5148\u628a\u6211\u4eec\u7684web\u5e94\u7528\u90e8\u7f72\u5230Tomcat\u4e2d<\/li>\n\n\n\n
                        • \u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u53d1\u9001\u4e00\u4e2aHTTP\u8bf7\u6c42\uff0c\u9996\u5148\u662f\u88abTomcat\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u63a5\u6536\u5230\uff0c\u4ed6\u5c06HTTP\u8bf7\u6c42\u62a5\u6587\u89e3\u6790\u4e3aRequest\u5bf9\u8c61<\/li>\n\n\n\n
                        • \u901a\u8fc7servlet-mapping\u627e\u5230\u76ee\u6807web\u5e94\u7528\u7684\u76ee\u6807servlet\uff0c\u8c03\u7528\u5176service(reqeuest, resposne)\u65b9\u6cd5\u5c06\u8bf7\u6c42\u4ea4\u7ed9Servlet<\/li>\n\n\n\n
                        • Servlet\u5904\u7406\u5b8c\u8bf7\u6c42\u540e\uff0c\u5c06\u6570\u636e\u653e\u5165Response\uff0cTomcat\u5c06Response\u5c01\u88c5\u6210HTTP\u54cd\u5e94\u62a5\u6587\u8fd4\u56de\u7ed9\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n
                          \"\"<\/div><\/figure>\n\n\n\n
                          \u603b\u7ed3\u4e00\u4e0b\u6211\u4eec\u719f\u6089\u7684Tomcat\u529f\u80fd\uff1a<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n
                            \n
                          • Tomcat\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u4e0a\u53ef\u4ee5\u90e8\u7f72Web\u5e94\u7528\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u4e0d\u6b62\u4e00\u4e2a<\/strong><\/li>\n\n\n\n
                          • \u901a\u8fc7Servlet\u673a\u5236<\/strong>\uff0cTomcat\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u6700\u7ec8\u627e\u5230\u5904\u7406\u8bf7\u6c42\u7684Servlet\uff0c\u5e76\u5c06\u5c01\u88c5\u597d\u7684\u8bf7\u6c42\u4f20\u9012\u7ed9\u5b83<\/li>\n\n\n\n
                          • Tomcat\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u63a5\u6536HTTP\u8bf7\u6c42\uff0c\u8fd4\u56deHTTP\u54cd\u5e94<\/li>\n\n\n\n
                          • Tomcat\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u8fd8\u652f\u6301Cookie\u3001Session\u3001Listener\u3001Filter<\/strong>\u7b49\u673a\u5236<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n
                            \u95ee\u9898\u6765\u4e86\uff0cPython\u4e2d\u662f\u5426\u6709\u7c7b\u4f3c\u7684Web\u670d\u52a1\u5668\uff1f<\/p>\n\n\n\n
                            \u6709\uff0c\u4f46\u548cTomcat\u4e0d\u5b8c\u5168\u7b49\u4ef7\u3002<\/strong> \u5728\u6211\u4eec\u7684\u9879\u76ee\u4e2d\u6240\u4f7f\u7528\u7684\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u540d\u4e3a Uvicorn<\/strong> \u7684Web\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n
                            Uvicorn\u670d\u52a1\u5668<\/h3>\n\n\n\n
                            Uvicorn\u4e0eTomcat\u7684\u5bf9\u6bd4\uff0c\u76f8\u540c\u70b9\u662f\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n
                              \n
                            • \u90fd\u53ef\u4ee5\u90e8\u7f72Web\u5e94\u7528<\/li>\n\n\n\n
                            • \u90fd\u53ef\u4ee5\u63a5\u6536HTTP\u8bf7\u6c42<\/li>\n\n\n\n
                            • \u90fd\u53ef\u4ee5\u8fd4\u56deHTTP\u54cd\u5e94<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n
                              \u540c\u65f6\uff0c\u5b83\u4eec\u4e5f\u6709\u5f88\u591a\u4e0d\u540c\u70b9\uff0c\u7f57\u5217\u5982\u4e0b\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n
                              Uvicorn\u53ef\u4ee5\u8ba4\u4e3a\u662fTomcat\u7684\u7626\u8eab\u7248<\/strong>\uff0c\u5b83\u7684\u8bbe\u8ba1\u7406\u5ff5\u5b8c\u5168\u4e0d\u540c\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n
                              \u7279\u6027<\/th>Tomcat<\/th>Uvicorn<\/th><\/tr><\/thead>
                              \u90e8\u7f72\u5e94\u7528\u6570\u91cf<\/td>\u652f\u6301\u591a\u4e2aWeb\u5e94\u7528<\/td>\u53ea\u652f\u6301\u4e00\u4e2aWeb\u5e94\u7528<\/strong><\/td><\/tr>
                              Servlet\u673a\u5236<\/td>\u2705 \u652f\u6301<\/td>\u274c \u4e0d\u652f\u6301<\/td><\/tr>
                              Cookie\/Session<\/td>\u2705 \u652f\u6301<\/td>\u274c \u4e0d\u652f\u6301<\/td><\/tr>
                              Filter\/Listener<\/td>\u2705 \u652f\u6301<\/td>\u274c \u4e0d\u652f\u6301<\/td><\/tr>
                              \u6838\u5fc3\u804c\u8d23<\/td>\u5168\u529f\u80fdWeb\u5bb9\u5668<\/td>\u9ad8\u6548\u4f20\u8f93\u6570\u636e<\/strong><\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n
                              Uvicorn\u7684\u8bbe\u8ba1\u54f2\u5b66\uff1a<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n
                                \n
                              • Uvicorn\u9664\u4e86\u652f\u6301\u57fa\u672c\u7684\u901a\u4fe1\u534f\u8bae\u4e4b\u5916\uff0c\u5176\u4ed6\u7684\u7c7b\u4f3cServlet\u3001Cookie\u3001Session\u8fd9\u6837\u7684\u673a\u5236\u7edf\u7edf\u4e0d\u652f\u6301<\/li>\n\n\n\n
                              • \u5b83\u7684\u552f\u4e00\u76ee\u6807\u5c31\u662f\uff1a\u8ffd\u6c42\u57fa\u4e8e\u4f20\u8f93\u534f\u8bae\u9ad8\u6548\u5730\u4f20\u8f93\u6570\u636e<\/strong><\/li>\n\n\n\n
                              • \u81f3\u4e8e\u8bf7\u6c42\u6570\u636e\u63a5\u6536\u5230\u4e4b\u540e\u4ea4\u7ed9\u8c01\u5904\u7406\uff0c\u5b83\u4e0d\u77e5\u9053\u4e5f\u4e0d\u5173\u5fc3<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n
                                Uvicorn\u7684\u6570\u636e\u5904\u7406<\/h3>\n\n\n\n
                                \u867d\u7136Uvicorn\u4e0d\u5173\u5fc3\u6570\u636e\u4ea4\u7ed9\u8c01\uff0c\u4f46\u662fUvicorn\u65e0\u6cd5\u5355\u72ec\u542f\u52a8\uff0c\u5fc5\u987b\u5f97\u6709\u4eba\u80fd\u63a5\u6536\u6570\u636e\u624d\u884c<\/strong>\uff0c\u5426\u5219\uff0cUvicorn\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u8fd0\u884c\u8d77\u6765\u6ca1\u6709\u4efb\u4f55\u610f\u4e49\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n
                                Uvicorn\u5728\u63a5\u6536\u5230\u6570\u636e\u540e\u4f1a\u8c03\u7528python\u4e2d\u7684\u4e00\u79cd\u7279\u6b8a\u7684\u51fd\u6570\u2014\u2014\u5f02\u6b65\u51fd\u6570<\/strong>\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e2a\u5f02\u6b65\u51fd\u6570\u5bf9\u4e8eUvicorn\u800c\u8a00\u5c31\u76f8\u5f53\u4e8e\u6570\u636e\u63a5\u6536\u8005<\/strong>\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n
                                \u5f02\u6b65\u51fd\u6570\u7684\u5b9a\u4e49\u65b9\u5f0f\uff1a<\/strong> \u5728\u666e\u901a\u51fd\u6570\u524d\u52a0\u4e0a async<\/code> \u5173\u952e\u5b57<\/p>\n\n\n\n
                                \u63a5\u4e0b\u6765\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u81ea\u5df1\u5b9a\u4e49\u4e00\u4e2a\u7b80\u5355\u7684\u5f02\u6b65\u51fd\u6570\uff0c\u6765\u63a5\u6536Uvicorn\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u6240\u63a5\u6536\u5230\u7684\u8bf7\u6c42\uff0c\u5e76\u8fd4\u56de\u4e00\u4e2a\u7b80\u5355\u7684\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32<\/p>\n\n\n\n
                                ```\n# \u6587\u4ef6\u540d: simple_server.py\n\n# \u5b9a\u4e49\u4e00\u4e2a\u5f02\u6b65\u51fd\u6570\uff0c\u7528\u4e8e\u63a5\u6536Uvicorn\u4f20\u9012\u8fc7\u6765\u7684\u8bf7\u6c42\nasync def app(scope, receive, send):\n    \"\"\"\n    \u8fd9\u662fUvicorn\u8981\u6c42\u7684\u5f02\u6b65\u51fd\u6570\u7b7e\u540d\n    \n    \u53c2\u6570\u8bf4\u660e\uff1a\n    - scope: \u5305\u542b\u8bf7\u6c42\u7684\u57fa\u672c\u4fe1\u606f\uff08\u8bf7\u6c42\u8def\u5f84\u3001\u65b9\u6cd5\u3001\u5934\u90e8\u7b49\uff09\n    - receive: \u7528\u4e8e\u63a5\u6536\u8bf7\u6c42\u4f53\u6570\u636e\u7684\u51fd\u6570\n    - send: \u7528\u4e8e\u53d1\u9001\u54cd\u5e94\u6570\u636e\u7684\u51fd\u6570\n    \"\"\"\n    \n    # \u53d1\u9001HTTP\u54cd\u5e94\u7684\u8d77\u59cb\u884c\u548c\u54cd\u5e94\u5934\n    await send({\n        'type': 'http.response.start',  # \u54cd\u5e94\u5f00\u59cb\n        'status': 200,                   # HTTP\u72b6\u6001\u7801 200 \u8868\u793a\u6210\u529f\n        'headers': [\n            [b'content-type', b'text\/plain'],  # \u54cd\u5e94\u5185\u5bb9\u7c7b\u578b\u4e3a\u7eaf\u6587\u672c\n        ],\n    })\n    \n    # \u53d1\u9001HTTP\u54cd\u5e94\u4f53\n    await send({\n        'type': 'http.response.body',           # \u54cd\u5e94\u4f53\n        'body': b'Hello from Uvicorn!',         # \u54cd\u5e94\u5185\u5bb9\uff08\u5fc5\u987b\u662f\u5b57\u8282\u7c7b\u578b\uff09\n    })\n```<\/pre>\n\n\n\n
                                \u4ee3\u7801\u89e3\u6790\uff1a<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n
                                  \n
                                1. async def app(...)<\/code>: \u5b9a\u4e49\u5f02\u6b65\u51fd\u6570\uff0c\u51fd\u6570\u540d\u53ef\u4ee5\u4efb\u610f\uff0c\u4f46\u53c2\u6570\u5fc5\u987b\u662f\u00a0scope, receive, send<\/code><\/li>\n\n\n\n
                                2. await send(...)<\/code>:\u00a0await<\/code>\u00a0\u5173\u952e\u5b57\u8868\u793a”\u7b49\u5f85”\u8fd9\u4e2a\u5f02\u6b65\u64cd\u4f5c\u5b8c\u6210<\/li>\n\n\n\n
                                3. \u54cd\u5e94\u5206\u4e24\u6b65\u53d1\u9001\uff1a<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n
                                    \n
                                  • \u7b2c\u4e00\u6b65\uff1a\u53d1\u9001\u54cd\u5e94\u72b6\u6001\u7801\u548c\u54cd\u5e94\u5934<\/li>\n\n\n\n
                                  • \u7b2c\u4e8c\u6b65\uff1a\u53d1\u9001\u54cd\u5e94\u4f53\u5185\u5bb9<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n
                                    \u4e00\u4e2a\u5e38\u89c1\u7591\u95ee\uff1a\u54cd\u5e94\u5934\u548c\u54cd\u5e94\u4f53\u80fd\u4e0d\u80fd\u5408\u6210\u4e00\u6761 send<\/code> \u4e00\u8d77\u53d1\uff1f<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n
                                    \u4e0d\u80fd\u3002\u5728 ASGI\uff08Uvicorn \u6240\u9075\u5faa\u7684\u534f\u8bae\uff09\u91cc\uff0c\u54cd\u5e94\u5934\u548c\u54cd\u5e94\u4f53\u5fc5\u987b\u5206\u6210\u4e24\u6761\u6d88\u606f\u53d1\u9001<\/strong>\uff0c\u8fd9\u662f\u534f\u8bae\u7684\u786c\u6027\u89c4\u5b9a\u2014\u2014\u4e0d\u662f\u5199\u6cd5\u4e0a\u7684\u53ef\u9009\u9879\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n
                                      \n
                                    • type<\/code>\u00a0\u4e3a\u00a0http.response.start<\/code>\u00a0\u7684\u6d88\u606f\uff1a\u53ea\u643a\u5e26\u72b6\u6001\u7801\uff08status<\/code>\uff09\u548c\u54cd\u5e94\u5934\uff08headers<\/code>\uff09\uff0c\u4e0d\u80fd<\/strong>\u5e26\u54cd\u5e94\u4f53<\/li>\n\n\n\n
                                    • type<\/code>\u00a0\u4e3a\u00a0http.response.body<\/code>\u00a0\u7684\u6d88\u606f\uff1a\u53ea\u643a\u5e26\u54cd\u5e94\u4f53\uff08body<\/code>\uff09\uff0c\u4e0d\u80fd<\/strong>\u5e26\u72b6\u6001\u7801\u548c\u54cd\u5e94\u5934<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n
                                      \u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u8981\u8fd9\u6837\u62c6\u5f00\uff1f<\/strong> \u6709\u4e24\u4e2a\u539f\u56e0\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n
                                        \n
                                      1. HTTP \u54cd\u5e94\u672c\u8eab\u5c31\u662f”\u5148\u5934\u540e\u4f53”\u7684\u987a\u5e8f\u7ed3\u6784<\/strong>\uff1a\u4e00\u6761 HTTP \u54cd\u5e94\u62a5\u6587\uff0c\u6c38\u8fdc\u662f\u5148\u6709\u54cd\u5e94\u884c+\u54cd\u5e94\u5934\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u624d\u662f\u54cd\u5e94\u4f53\u3002ASGI \u7528\u4e24\u6761\u6d88\u606f\u6b63\u597d\u5bf9\u5e94\u8fd9\u4e2a\u5148\u540e\u987a\u5e8f\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n
                                      2. \u4e3a\u4e86\u652f\u6301\u6d41\u5f0f\u54cd\u5e94<\/strong>\uff1a\u54cd\u5e94\u4f53\u53ef\u4ee5\u5206\u5f88\u591a\u6b21<\/strong>\u53d1\u9001\u2014\u2014\u6bd4\u5982\u8fd4\u56de\u4e00\u4e2a\u5927\u6587\u4ef6\u3001\u6216\u8005\u50cf\u540e\u9762\u4f1a\u8bb2\u7684 SSE \u6d41\u5f0f\u8f93\u51fa\uff0c\u54cd\u5e94\u4f53\u662f\u4e00\u6bb5\u4e00\u6bb5\u9646\u7eed\u4ea7\u751f\u7684\u3002\u8fd9\u79cd\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\uff0chttp.response.start<\/code>\uff08\u5934\uff09\u53ea\u53d1\u4e00\u6b21\uff0chttp.response.body<\/code>\uff08\u4f53\uff09\u5219\u53ef\u4ee5\u53d1\u5f88\u591a\u6b21\uff0c\u6bcf\u6b21\u53d1\u4e00\u5c0f\u5757\u3002\u5982\u679c\u628a\u5934\u548c\u4f53\u7ed1\u6b7b\u5728\u4e00\u6761\u6d88\u606f\u91cc\uff0c\u5c31\u6ca1\u6cd5\u5b9e\u73b0\u8fd9\u79cd”\u5934\u53d1\u4e00\u6b21\u3001\u4f53\u53d1\u591a\u6b21”\u7684\u6d41\u5f0f\u6548\u679c\u4e86\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n
                                        \u5b9e\u9645\u4e0a\uff0c\u53d1\u9001\u591a\u4e2a http.response.body<\/code> \u65f6\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528\u4e00\u4e2a more_body<\/code> \u5b57\u6bb5\u6807\u8bb0”\u540e\u9762\u8fd8\u6709\u6ca1\u6709\u66f4\u591a\u5185\u5bb9”\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n
                                        ```\n# \u6d41\u5f0f\u53d1\u9001\u54cd\u5e94\u4f53\u793a\u610f\uff08\u540e\u9762\u8fd8\u6709\u5185\u5bb9\u65f6 more_body=True\uff09\nawait send({'type': 'http.response.body', 'body': b'\u7b2c\u4e00\u5757', 'more_body': True})\nawait send({'type': 'http.response.body', 'body': b'\u7b2c\u4e8c\u5757', 'more_body': True})\nawait send({'type': 'http.response.body', 'body': b'\u6700\u540e\u4e00\u5757', 'more_body': False})  # \u7ed3\u675f\n```<\/pre>\n\n\n\n
                                        \u6211\u4eec\u4e0a\u9762\u7684\u4f8b\u5b50\u53ea\u53d1\u4e00\u5757\u54cd\u5e94\u4f53\u3001\u4e0d\u9700\u8981\u6d41\u5f0f\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u7701\u7565\u4e86 more_body<\/code>\uff08\u9ed8\u8ba4\u5c31\u662f False<\/code>\uff0c\u8868\u793a\u53d1\u5b8c\u4e86\uff09\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n
                                        \n
                                        \u4e0d\u7528\u62c5\u5fc3\u2014\u2014\u540e\u9762\u6211\u4eec\u7528 FastAPI \u65f6\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u5e95\u5c42\u7684”\u5206\u4e24\u6b65\u53d1\u9001”\u7ec6\u8282\u90fd\u88ab\u6846\u67b6\u5c01\u88c5\u597d\u4e86\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ea\u7ba1 return<\/code> \u8fd4\u56de\u503c\u5373\u53ef\u3002\u8fd9\u91cc\u4e86\u89e3\u4e00\u4e0b\u539f\u7406\u5c31\u884c\u3002<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n
                                        \u542f\u52a8Uvicorn\u670d\u52a1\u5668<\/h3>\n\n\n\n
                                        \u9996\u5148\u9700\u8981\u5b89\u88c5\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u6240\u9700\u7684\u4f9d\u8d56\uff0c\u5728\u9879\u76ee\u76ee\u5f55\u4e0b\u6253\u5f00\u7ec8\u7aef\uff0c\u6267\u884c\u4ee5\u4e0b\u547d\u4ee4\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n
                                        ```\npip install uvicorn\n```<\/pre>\n\n\n\n
                                        \u63a5\u7740\uff0c\u5c31\u53ef\u4ee5\u542f\u52a8uvicorn\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u4e86\uff0c\u6709\u4e24\u79cd\u542f\u52a8\u65b9\u5f0f\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n
                                        \u7b2c\u4e00\u79cd\u65b9\u5f0f\uff0c\u76f4\u63a5\u5728\u7ec8\u7aef\u4e2d\u6267\u884c\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n
                                        ```\nuvicorn simple_server:app [--reload] [--port=xxxx]\n```<\/pre>\n\n\n\n
                                        \u547d\u4ee4\u89e3\u6790\uff1a<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n
                                          \n
                                        • uvicorn<\/code>: Uvicorn\u547d\u4ee4<\/li>\n\n\n\n
                                        • simple_server<\/code>: Python\u6587\u4ef6\u540d\uff08\u4e0d\u5e26.py\u540e\u7f00\uff09<\/li>\n\n\n\n
                                        • app<\/code>: \u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\u5b9a\u4e49\u7684\u5f02\u6b65\u51fd\u6570\u540d<\/li>\n\n\n\n
                                        • --reload<\/code>: \u5f00\u542f\u70ed\u91cd\u8f7d\uff0c\u4ee3\u7801\u4fee\u6539\u540e\u81ea\u52a8\u91cd\u542f\u670d\u52a1\u5668\uff08\u5f00\u53d1\u65f6\u4f7f\u7528\uff09<\/li>\n\n\n\n
                                        • --port<\/code>: \u6307\u5b9a\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u542f\u52a8\u7684\u7aef\u53e3\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u672a\u6307\u5b9a\u90a3\u4e48\u9ed8\u8ba48000\u7aef\u53e3<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n
                                          \u542f\u52a8\u6210\u529f\u540e\uff0c\u4f60\u4f1a\u770b\u5230\u7c7b\u4f3c\u8f93\u51fa\uff1a<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n
                                          ```\nINFO:     Uvicorn running on http:\/\/127.0.0.1:8000 (Press CTRL+C to quit)\nINFO:     Started reloader process [28720]\nINFO:     Started server process [28722]\nINFO:     Waiting for application startup.\nINFO:     Application startup complete.\n```<\/pre>\n\n\n\n
                                          \u7b2c\u4e8c\u79cd\u65b9\u5f0f<\/p>\n\n\n\n
                                            \n
                                          1. \u521b\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2a\u65b0\u7684Python\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\u00a0run_server.py<\/code>\uff1a<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n
                                            ```\n# \u6587\u4ef6\u540d: run_server.py\n\nimport uvicorn\nimport uvicorn\napp = \"simple_server:app\"\n\nif __name__ == \"__main__\":\n    # \u542f\u52a8Uvicorn\u670d\u52a1\u5668\n    uvicorn.run(\n        app,                    # \u4f20\u5165\u6211\u4eec\u5b9a\u4e49\u7684\u5f02\u6b65\u51fd\u6570\n        host=\"127.0.0.1\",       # \u76d1\u542c\u7684IP\u5730\u5740\n        port=8000,              # \u76d1\u542c\u7684\u7aef\u53e3\u53f7\n        reload=True             # \u5f00\u542f\u70ed\u91cd\u8f7d\n    )\n```<\/pre>\n\n\n\n
                                              \n
                                            1. \u5728PyCharm\u4e2d\u8fd0\u884c\u00a0run_server.py<\/code><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n
                                              \u4e0d\u7ba1\u901a\u8fc7\u54ea\u79cd\u65b9\u5f0f\uff0c\u53ea\u8981\u542f\u52a8\u6210\u529f\u540e\u6253\u5f00\u6d4f\u89c8\u5668\u8bbf\u95ee\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n
                                              ```\nhttp:\/\/127.0.0.1:8000\n```<\/pre>\n\n\n\n
                                              \u4f60\u5e94\u8be5\u80fd\u770b\u5230\u9875\u9762\u663e\u793a\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n
                                              ```\nHello from Uvicorn!\n```<\/pre>\n\n\n\n
                                              —<\/p>\n\n\n\n
                                              Web\u5e94\u7528\u5c42\u9762<\/h2>\n\n\n\n
                                              \u901a\u8fc7\u4e0a\u4e00\u8282\u7684\u5b66\u4e60\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5df2\u7ecf\u77e5\u9053\u8981\u4f7f\u7528Uvicorn\u670d\u52a1\u5668\uff0c\u5c31\u5fc5\u987b\u81ea\u5df1\u5b9a\u4e49\u4e00\u4e2a\u5f02\u6b65\u51fd\u6570\u771f\u6b63\u5904\u7406\u6240\u63a5\u6536\u7684\u8bf7\u6c42<\/p>\n\n\n\n
                                              \u90a3\u4e48\u95ee\u9898\u6765\u4e86\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u8981\u8ba9\u6211\u4eec\u81ea\u5df1\u771f\u7684\u6765\u5b9e\u73b0\u8fd9\u6837\u4e00\u4e2a\u51fd\u6570\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u9700\u8981\u5728\u8fd9\u4e2a\u51fd\u6570\u4e2d\u5b9e\u73b0\u4ec0\u4e48\u529f\u80fd\uff1f<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n
                                              \u8ba9\u6211\u4eec\u4e00\u8d77\u5206\u6790\u4e00\u4e0b\uff0c\u81f3\u5c11\u6709\u4ee5\u4e0b\u56db\u70b9<\/strong>\u9700\u8981\u5b9e\u73b0\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n
                                                \n
                                              1. \u533a\u5206\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u8bf7\u6c42<\/strong>\uff1a \u4e00\u4e2aWeb\u5e94\u7528\u6240\u8981\u5904\u7406\u7684\u8bf7\u6c42\u80af\u5b9a\u4e0d\u6b62\u4e00\u4e2a\uff0c\u6bd4\u5982\u7528\u6237\u8bbf\u95ee\u00a0\/login<\/code>\u00a0\u548c\u00a0\/register<\/code>\u00a0\u5e94\u8be5\u6267\u884c\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u903b\u8f91\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u9700\u8981\u6839\u636e\u8bf7\u6c42\u8def\u5f84\u3001\u8bf7\u6c42\u65b9\u6cd5\uff08GET\/POST\uff09\u6765\u533a\u5206\u8bf7\u6c42<\/li>\n\n\n\n
                                              2. \u89e3\u6790\u8bf7\u6c42\u53c2\u6570<\/strong>\uff1a \u8bf7\u6c42\u4e2d\u53ef\u80fd\u643a\u5e26\u8def\u5f84\u53c2\u6570\uff0c\u53ef\u80fd\u643a\u5e26key-value\u5f62\u5f0f\u7684\u67e5\u8be2\u53c2\u6570\uff0c\u4e5f\u53ef\u80fd\u643a\u5e26\u8bf7\u6c42\u4f53\u53c2\u6570\uff08\u5982POST\u8bf7\u6c42\u7684JSON\u6570\u636e\uff09\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u9700\u8981\u4ece\u8bf7\u6c42\u4e2d\u89e3\u6790\u8fd9\u4e9b\u53c2\u6570<\/li>\n\n\n\n
                                              3. \u5b9e\u73b0\u4e1a\u52a1\u903b\u8f91<\/strong>\uff1a \u6839\u636e\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u8bf7\u6c42\uff0c\u8c03\u7528\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u4e1a\u52a1\u5904\u7406\u4ee3\u7801\uff0c\u53ef\u80fd\u9700\u8981\u67e5\u8be2\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u3001\u8c03\u7528AI\u63a5\u53e3\u3001\u5904\u7406\u6587\u4ef6\u7b49<\/li>\n\n\n\n
                                              4. \u5c01\u88c5\u54cd\u5e94<\/strong>\uff1a\u5c06\u5904\u7406\u7ed3\u679c\u8f6c\u6362\u4e3aJSON\u683c\u5f0f\uff0c\u8bbe\u7f6e\u6b63\u786e\u7684\u54cd\u5e94\u5934\uff0c\u8fd4\u56de\u7ed9\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n
                                                \u5982\u679c\u6211\u4eec\u81ea\u5df1\u5b9e\u73b0\uff0c\u4ee3\u7801\u53ef\u80fd\u662f\u8fd9\u6837\u7684\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n
                                                ```\nasync def app(scope, receive, send):\n    # 1. \u89e3\u6790\u8bf7\u6c42\u8def\u5f84\n    path = scope['path']\n    method = scope['method']\n    \n    # 2. \u6839\u636e\u8def\u5f84\u548c\u65b9\u6cd5\u5206\u53d1\u8bf7\u6c42\n    if path == '\/login' and method == 'POST':\n        # \u89e3\u6790\u8bf7\u6c42\u4f53\u4e2d\u7684\u7528\u6237\u540d\u548c\u5bc6\u7801\n        body = await receive()\n        username = parse_param(body, 'username')\n        password = parse_param(body, 'password')\n        # \u6267\u884c\u767b\u5f55\u903b\u8f91\n        result = do_login(username, password)\n        # \u5c01\u88c5JSON\u54cd\u5e94\n        response = json_response(result)\n        await send(response)\n    \n    elif path.startswith('\/user\/') and method == 'GET':\n        # \u89e3\u6790\u8def\u5f84\u53c2\u6570\n        user_id = parse_path_param(path, '\/user\/')\n        # \u67e5\u8be2\u7528\u6237\u4fe1\u606f\n        user = get_user(user_id)\n        # \u5c01\u88c5JSON\u54cd\u5e94\n        response = json_response(user)\n        await send(response)\n    \n    # ... \u8fd8\u6709\u5f88\u591a\u5176\u4ed6\u8bf7\u6c42\u9700\u8981\u5904\u7406\n```<\/pre>\n\n\n\n
                                                \u95ee\u9898\u53c8\u6765\u4e86\uff0c\u4f60\u613f\u610f\u8fd9\u6837\u5199\u4ee3\u7801\u5417\uff1f\u5f53\u7136\u4e0d\u613f\u610f\uff01<\/p>\n\n\n\n
                                                \u56e0\u4e3a\u4e0d\u7ba1\u662f\u533a\u5206\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u8bf7\u6c42\u3001\u7528\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u5904\u7406\u5b83\u4eec\uff0c\u8fd8\u662f\u89e3\u6790\u8bf7\u6c42\u4e2d\u7684\u53c2\u6570\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u5728Java\u8bed\u8a00\u4e2d\uff0c\u4e0d\u90fd\u76f8\u5f53\u4e8e\u662fSpringMVC\u5728\u505a\u7684\u4e8b\u60c5<\/strong>\u5417\uff1f<\/p>\n\n\n\n
                                                \u6211\u4eec\u771f\u6b63\u9700\u8981\u7684\u5e94\u8be5\u662f\u50cf\u4f7f\u7528SpringMVC<\/strong>\u4e00\u6837\uff0c\u7ed1\u5b9a\u8bf7\u6c42\u548c\u5bf9\u5e94\u7684\u5904\u7406\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u4e00\u4e2a\u65b9\u6cd5\u5904\u7406\u4e00\u4e2a\u8bf7\u6c42\uff01<\/p>\n\n\n\n
                                                ```\n@RestController\npublic class UserController {\n    \n    \/\/ 1. \u5b9a\u4e49\u65b9\u6cd5\u548c\u8bf7\u6c42\u7684\u6620\u5c04\n    @PostMapping(\"\/login\")\n    public Result login(\n        \/\/ 2. \u901a\u8fc7\u65b9\u6cd5\u53c2\u6570\u63a5\u6536\u8bf7\u6c42\u53c2\u6570\n        @RequestParam String username,\n        @RequestParam String password\n    ) {\n        \/\/ 3. \u5b9e\u73b0\u4e1a\u52a1\u903b\u8f91\n        User user = userService.login(username, password);\n        \/\/ 4. \u65b9\u6cd5\u76f4\u63a5\u8fd4\u56de\u5bf9\u8c61\uff0c\u81ea\u52a8\u88ab\u8f6c\u5316\u4e3aJSON\u653e\u5165\u54cd\u5e94\u4f53\n        return Result.success(user);\n    }\n    \n    @GetMapping(\"\/user\/{id}\")\n    public Result getUser(@PathVariable Long id) {\n        User user = userService.getUser(id);\n        return Result.success(user);\n    }\n}\n```<\/pre>\n\n\n\n
                                                \u5728Python\u4e2d\u6709\u6ca1\u6709\u529e\u6cd5\u5b9e\u73b0\u8fd9\u6837\u7684\u6548\u679c\uff1f\u6709\uff0c \u8fd9\u5c31\u662f\u6211\u4eec\u8981\u5b66\u4e60\u7684 FastAPI<\/strong> \u6846\u67b6\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n
                                                —<\/p>\n\n\n\n
                                                FastAPI<\/h2>\n\n\n\n
                                                FastAPI<\/strong> \u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u73b0\u4ee3\u3001\u5feb\u901f\uff08\u9ad8\u6027\u80fd\uff09\u7684Web\u6846\u67b6\uff0c\u7528\u4e8e\u57fa\u4e8ePython\u6784\u5efaAPI\uff0c\u5b83\u7684\u529f\u80fd\u7c7b\u6bd4\u4e8eSpringMVC<\/p>\n\n\n\n
                                                \u5176\u5b9eFastAPI\u7684\u672c\u8d28\u5c31\u662f\u7528\u6765\u5728Uvicorn\u4e2d\u63a5\u6536\u6570\u636e\u7684\u90a3\u4e2a\u5f02\u6b65\u51fd\u6570\uff0c\u540c\u65f6\u5b83\u652f\u6301\u50cfSpringMVC\u4e00\u6837\uff0c\u8ba9\u6211\u4eec\u81ea\u5df1\u5b9a\u4e49\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u5904\u7406\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u8bf7\u6c42\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n
                                                \"\"<\/div><\/figure>\n\n\n\n
                                                FastAPI\u5728\u4e2d\u95f4\u5c42\u505a\u4e86\u4ec0\u4e48\uff1f<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n
                                                  \n
                                                • \u63a5\u6536Uvicorn\u4f20\u9012\u7684\u539f\u59cb\u8bf7\u6c42\u6570\u636e<\/li>\n\n\n\n
                                                • \u6839\u636e\u8bf7\u6c42\u8def\u5f84\u548c\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u8def\u7531\u5230\u5bf9\u5e94\u7684\u5904\u7406\u51fd\u6570<\/li>\n\n\n\n
                                                • \u81ea\u52a8\u89e3\u6790\u8bf7\u6c42\u53c2\u6570\uff0c\u6ce8\u5165\u5230\u51fd\u6570\u53c2\u6570\u4e2d<\/li>\n\n\n\n
                                                • \u6267\u884c\u6211\u4eec\u5b9a\u4e49\u7684\u4e1a\u52a1\u903b\u8f91\u51fd\u6570<\/li>\n\n\n\n
                                                • \u5c06\u51fd\u6570\u8fd4\u56de\u503c\u81ea\u52a8\u8f6c\u6362\u4e3aJSON\u54cd\u5e94<\/li>\n\n\n\n
                                                • \u5c06\u54cd\u5e94\u6570\u636e\u4f20\u9012\u7ed9Uvicorn\u8fd4\u56de\u7ed9\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n
                                                  \u63a5\u4e0b\u6765\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u7c7b\u6bd4SpringMVC\u5b66\u4e60FastAPI\u7684\u4f7f\u7528<\/p>\n\n\n\n
                                                  \u521b\u5efaFastAPI\u5e94\u7528<\/h3>\n\n\n\n
                                                  \u9996\u5148\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u9700\u8981\u6267\u884c\u5982\u4e0b\u547d\u4ee4\uff0c\u5b89\u88c5FastAPI\u4f9d\u8d56<\/p>\n\n\n\n
                                                  ```\npip install fastapi\n```<\/pre>\n\n\n\n
                                                  \u63a5\u7740\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5c31\u53ef\u4ee5\u521b\u5efaFastAPI\u5e94\u7528(\u5176\u5b9e\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u5b9e\u73b0\u81ea\u5df1\u7684web\u5e94\u7528)<\/p>\n\n\n\n
                                                  ```\n# \u6587\u4ef6\u540d: main.py\n\n# 1. \u5bfc\u5165FastAPI\u7c7b\nfrom fastapi import FastAPI\n\n# 2. \u521b\u5efaFastAPI\u5e94\u7528\u5b9e\u4f8b\napp = FastAPI()\n```<\/pre>\n\n\n\n
                                                  \u4ee3\u7801\u89e3\u6790\uff1a<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n
                                                    \n
                                                  • from fastapi import FastAPI<\/code>: \u4ecefastapi\u6a21\u5757\u5bfc\u5165FastAPI\u7c7b<\/li>\n\n\n\n
                                                  • app = FastAPI()<\/code>: \u521b\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2aFastAPI\u5e94\u7528\u5b9e\u4f8b<\/li>\n\n\n\n
                                                  • \u8fd9\u4e2a\u00a0app<\/code>\u00a0\u5bf9\u8c61\u5c31\u662f\u6211\u4eec\u7684Web\u5e94\u7528<\/li>\n\n\n\n
                                                  • \u5b83\u8d1f\u8d23\u7ba1\u7406\u6240\u6709\u7684\u8def\u7531\uff08URL\u5230\u5904\u7406\u51fd\u6570\u7684\u6620\u5c04\uff09<\/li>\n\n\n\n
                                                  • \u5b83\u5b9e\u73b0\u4e86Uvicorn\u6240\u9700\u8981\u7684\u5f02\u6b65\u51fd\u6570\u63a5\u53e3<\/li>\n\n\n\n
                                                  • \u6211\u4eec\u540e\u7eed\u6240\u6709\u7684\u8def\u7531\u6ce8\u518c\u3001\u914d\u7f6e\u7b49\u90fd\u901a\u8fc7\u8fd9\u4e2a\u5bf9\u8c61\u6765\u5b8c\u6210<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n
                                                    \u5728FastAPI\u4e2d\uff0capp = FastAPI()<\/code> \u5c31\u76f8\u5f53\u4e8e\u521b\u5efa\u4e86\u6574\u4e2a\u5e94\u7528\u7684\u6838\u5fc3\u5bf9\u8c61\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n
                                                    \u6ce8\u518c\u8def\u7531<\/h3>\n\n\n\n
                                                    \u7c7b\u6bd4SpringMVC\u7684Mapping\u5b9a\u4e49<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n
                                                    \u5728SpringMVC\u4e2d\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u4f7f\u7528\u6ce8\u89e3\u6765\u5b9a\u4e49\u8def\u7531\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n
                                                    ```\n@GetMapping(\"\/hello\")\npublic String hello() {\n    return \"Hello World\";\n}\n```<\/pre>\n\n\n\n
                                                    \u5728Python\u4e2d\uff0c\u6ca1\u6709Java\u90a3\u6837\u7684\u6ce8\u89e3\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u7c7b\u4f3c\u7684\u8bed\u6cd5\u53eb\u505a\u88c5\u9970\u5668\uff08Decorator\uff09<\/strong>\u3002\u88c5\u9970\u5668\u4ee5 @<\/code> \u5f00\u5934\uff0c\u5199\u5728\u51fd\u6570\u4e0a\u65b9\uff0c\u4f5c\u7528\u4e0e\u6ce8\u89e3\u975e\u5e38\u76f8\u4f3c\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n
                                                    ```\nfrom fastapi import FastAPI\n\napp = FastAPI()\n\n# \u4f7f\u7528\u88c5\u9970\u5668\u6ce8\u518c\u8def\u7531\n# @app.get(\"\/\") \u8868\u793a\uff1a\u5c06HTTP GET\u65b9\u6cd5\u3001\u8def\u5f84\u4e3a\"\/\"\u7684\u8bf7\u6c42\uff0c\u7ed1\u5b9a\u5230\u4e0b\u9762\u7684\u51fd\u6570\n@app.get(\"\/\")\ndef hello():\n    \"\"\"\u8fd9\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u7b80\u5355\u7684\u63a5\u53e3\uff0c\u4e0d\u63a5\u6536\u53c2\u6570\uff0c\u8fd4\u56de\u5e38\u91cf\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\"\"\"\n    return \"Hello FastAPI\"\n\nif __name__ == \"__main__\":\n    # \u542f\u52a8Uvicorn\u670d\u52a1\u5668\n    uvicorn.run(\n        app,                    # \u4f20\u5165fastAPI\u7684app\u51fd\u6570\n        host=\"127.0.0.1\",       # \u76d1\u542c\u7684IP\u5730\u5740\n        port=8000,              # \u76d1\u542c\u7684\u7aef\u53e3\u53f7\n        reload=True             # \u5f00\u542f\u70ed\u91cd\u8f7d\n    )\n```<\/pre>\n\n\n\n
                                                    \u4ee3\u7801\u89e3\u6790\uff1a<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n
                                                      \n
                                                    • @app.get(\"\/\")<\/code>: \u88c5\u9970\u5668\uff0c\u544a\u8bc9FastAPI\uff1a<\/li>\n\n\n\n
                                                    • HTTP\u65b9\u6cd5\uff1aGET<\/li>\n\n\n\n
                                                    • \u8bf7\u6c42\u8def\u5f84\uff1a\/<\/code><\/li>\n\n\n\n
                                                    • \u5904\u7406\u51fd\u6570\uff1a\u7d27\u8ddf\u5728\u4e0b\u9762\u5b9a\u4e49\u7684\u51fd\u6570\uff08hello<\/code>\uff09<\/li>\n\n\n\n
                                                    • def hello()<\/code>: \u5b9a\u4e49\u5904\u7406\u51fd\u6570<\/li>\n\n\n\n
                                                    • return \"Hello FastAPI\"<\/code>: \u8fd4\u56de\u54cd\u5e94\u5185\u5bb9<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n
                                                      \u542f\u52a8\u540e\u8bbf\u95ee http:\/\/127.0.0.1:8000<\/code>\uff0c\u4f60\u4f1a\u770b\u5230\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n
                                                      ```\n\"Hello FastAPI\"\n```<\/pre>\n\n\n\n
                                                      FastAPI\u7684\u5e38\u7528\u88c5\u9970\u5668\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u4e0eSpringMVC\u7684\u5bf9\u5e94\u5173\u7cfb\u5982\u4e0b\u8868<\/p>\n\n\n\n
                                                      HTTP\u65b9\u6cd5<\/th>SpringMVC<\/th>FastAPI<\/th><\/tr><\/thead>
                                                      GET<\/td>@GetMapping(\"\/path\")<\/code><\/td>@app.get(\"\/path\")<\/code><\/td><\/tr>
                                                      POST<\/td>@PostMapping(\"\/path\")<\/code><\/td>@app.post(\"\/path\")<\/code><\/td><\/tr>
                                                      PUT<\/td>@PutMapping(\"\/path\")<\/code><\/td>@app.put(\"\/path\")<\/code><\/td><\/tr>
                                                      DELETE<\/td>@DeleteMapping(\"\/path\")<\/code><\/td>@app.delete(\"\/path\")<\/code><\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n
                                                      \u6ce8\u518c\u8def\u7531\u8fd8\u6709\u53e6\u5916\u4e00\u79cd\u65b9\u5f0f\u2014\u2014APIRouter\u3002\u524d\u9762\u7684\u5199\u6cd5\u662f\u628a\u8def\u7531\u76f4\u63a5\u6ce8\u518c\u5230 app<\/code> \u4e0a<\/strong>\uff08@app.get(...)<\/code>\uff09\u3002\u5f53\u63a5\u53e3\u5f88\u5c11\u65f6\u8fd9\u6ca1\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u4f46\u968f\u7740\u63a5\u53e3\u8d8a\u6765\u8d8a\u591a\uff0c\u5168\u90e8\u5806\u5728\u4e00\u4e2a\u6587\u4ef6\u3001\u6ce8\u518c\u5230\u540c\u4e00\u4e2a app<\/code> \u4e0a\uff0c\u4ee3\u7801\u4f1a\u53d8\u5f97\u5f88\u4e71\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n
                                                      \u56de\u60f3\u4e00\u4e0bSpringMVC\u2014\u2014\u6211\u4eec\u4e0d\u4f1a\u628a\u6240\u6709\u63a5\u53e3\u90fd\u5199\u5728\u4e00\u4e2aController\u91cc\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u6309\u4e1a\u52a1\u62c6\u6210\u591a\u4e2a @RestController<\/code>\uff08\u6bd4\u5982 UserController<\/code>\u3001OrderController<\/code>\uff09\u3002FastAPI \u4e5f\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u7c7b\u4f3c\u7684\u673a\u5236\uff1aAPIRouter<\/code><\/strong>\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n
                                                      APIRouter<\/code> \u53ef\u4ee5\u7406\u89e3\u4e3a\u4e00\u4e2a”\u5b50\u8def\u7531\u5668”\u2014\u2014\u5148\u628a\u4e00\u7ec4\u76f8\u5173\u7684\u63a5\u53e3\u6ce8\u518c\u5230\u8fd9\u4e2a\u5b50\u8def\u7531\u5668\u4e0a\uff0c\u6700\u540e\u518d\u7edf\u4e00\u6302\u8f7d\u5230\u4e3b app<\/code>\u3002\u5b83\u7684\u5bf9\u5e94\u5173\u7cfb\u662f\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n
                                                      FastAPI<\/th>SpringMVC<\/th>\u4f5c\u7528<\/th><\/tr><\/thead>
                                                      APIRouter<\/code><\/td>\u4e00\u4e2a @RestController<\/code><\/td>\u627f\u8f7d\u4e00\u7ec4\u76f8\u5173\u63a5\u53e3<\/td><\/tr>
                                                      app.include_router(...)<\/code><\/td>\u5bb9\u5668\u626b\u63cf\u5e76\u6ce8\u518cController<\/td>\u628a\u5b50\u8def\u7531\u6302\u8f7d\u5230\u4e3b\u5e94\u7528<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n
                                                      \u7b2c\u4e00\u6b65\uff1a\u7528 APIRouter<\/code> \u5b9a\u4e49\u4e00\u7ec4\u63a5\u53e3<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n
                                                      ```\n# \u6587\u4ef6\u540d: user_routes.py\n\nfrom fastapi import APIRouter\n\n# \u521b\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2a\u5b50\u8def\u7531\u5668\uff0cprefix \u6307\u5b9a\u8fd9\u7ec4\u63a5\u53e3\u7684\u516c\u5171\u8def\u5f84\u524d\u7f00\nrouter = APIRouter(prefix=\"\/user\")\n\n# \u6ce8\u610f\uff1a\u8fd9\u91cc\u7528\u7684\u662f @router \u800c\u4e0d\u662f @app\n@router.get(\"\/hello\")\ndef hello():\n    return \"Hello from user router\"\n\n@router.get(\"\/profile\")\ndef profile():\n    return {\"name\": \"\u5f20\u4e09\", \"age\": 25}\n```<\/pre>\n\n\n\n
                                                      \u5173\u952e\u70b9\uff1aprefix<\/code> \u4f1a\u81ea\u52a8\u52a0\u5728\u6bcf\u4e2a\u63a5\u53e3\u8def\u5f84\u524d\u9762\u3002<\/strong> \u6240\u4ee5\u4e0a\u9762\u4e24\u4e2a\u63a5\u53e3\u6700\u7ec8\u7684\u8bbf\u95ee\u8def\u5f84\u662f\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n
                                                        \n
                                                      • @router.get(\"\/hello\")<\/code>\u00a0\u2192 \u5b9e\u9645\u8def\u5f84\u00a0\/user\/hello<\/code>\uff08prefix + \u8def\u5f84\uff09<\/li>\n\n\n\n
                                                      • @router.get(\"\/profile\")<\/code>\u00a0\u2192 \u5b9e\u9645\u8def\u5f84\u00a0\/user\/profile<\/code><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n
                                                        \u7b2c\u4e8c\u6b65\uff1a\u5728\u4e3b\u5e94\u7528\u4e2d\u6302\u8f7d\u8fd9\u4e2a\u5b50\u8def\u7531\u5668<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n
                                                        ```\n# \u6587\u4ef6\u540d: main.py\n\nfrom fastapi import FastAPI\nfrom user_routes import router as user_router\n\napp = FastAPI()\n\n# \u628a\u5b50\u8def\u7531\u5668\u6302\u8f7d\u5230\u4e3b\u5e94\u7528\u4e0a\napp.include_router(user_router)\n```<\/pre>\n\n\n\n
                                                        \u6302\u8f7d\u4e4b\u540e\uff0c\u542f\u52a8\u670d\u52a1\u8bbf\u95ee http:\/\/127.0.0.1:8000\/user\/hello<\/code>\uff0c\u5c31\u80fd\u8bbf\u95ee\u5230 user_routes.py<\/code> \u91cc\u5b9a\u4e49\u7684\u63a5\u53e3\u4e86\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n
                                                        \u8fd9\u6837\u62c6\u5206\u7684\u597d\u5904\uff1a<\/strong> \u7528\u6237\u76f8\u5173\u7684\u63a5\u53e3\u5199\u5728 user_routes.py<\/code>\uff0c\u8ba2\u5355\u76f8\u5173\u7684\u63a5\u53e3\u5199\u5728 order_routes.py<\/code>\uff0c\u6bcf\u4e2a\u6587\u4ef6\u5404\u7ba1\u4e00\u644a\uff0c\u4e3b\u5e94\u7528 main.py<\/code> \u53ea\u8d1f\u8d23\u628a\u5b83\u4eec include_router<\/code> \u8fdb\u6765\uff0c\u4ee3\u7801\u7ed3\u6784\u6e05\u6670\uff0c\u4fbf\u4e8e\u591a\u4eba\u534f\u4f5c\u548c\u540e\u671f\u7ef4\u62a4\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n
                                                        \u4e24\u79cd\u6ce8\u518c\u65b9\u5f0f\u5bf9\u6bd4\uff1a<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n
                                                        \u65b9\u5f0f<\/th>\u5199\u6cd5<\/th>\u9002\u7528\u573a\u666f<\/th><\/tr><\/thead>
                                                        \u76f4\u63a5\u6ce8\u518c<\/td>@app.get(...)<\/code><\/td>\u63a5\u53e3\u5f88\u5c11\u3001\u5355\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u5c0f\u9879\u76ee<\/td><\/tr>
                                                        \u5b50\u8def\u7531<\/td>APIRouter<\/code> + app.include_router(...)<\/code><\/td>\u6309\u4e1a\u52a1\u6a21\u5757\u62c6\u5206\u7684\u591a\u6587\u4ef6\u9879\u76ee<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n
                                                        \u6211\u4eec\u7684\u9879\u76ee\u63a5\u53e3\u8f83\u591a\uff08\u60c5\u611f\u54a8\u8be2\u3001\u7ea6\u4f1a\u89c4\u5212\u7b49\uff09\uff0c\u91c7\u7528\u7684\u5c31\u662f APIRouter<\/code> \u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n
                                                        pycharm\u4e2d\u8fd0\u884cFastAPI\u9879\u76ee<\/h3>\n\n\n\n
                                                        \u4e3a\u4e86\u8fd0\u884c\u6211\u4eec\u57fa\u4e8eFastAPI\u5b9e\u73b0\u7684web\u9879\u76ee\uff0c\u9700\u8981\u5199\u5982\u4e0b\u4ee3\u7801\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n
                                                        ```\nif __name__ == \"__main__\":\n    # \u542f\u52a8Uvicorn\u670d\u52a1\u5668\n    uvicorn.run(\n        app,                    # \u4f20\u5165fastAPI\u7684app\u51fd\u6570\n        host=\"127.0.0.1\",       # \u76d1\u542c\u7684IP\u5730\u5740\n        port=8000,              # \u76d1\u542c\u7684\u7aef\u53e3\u53f7\n        reload=True             # \u5f00\u542f\u70ed\u91cd\u8f7d\n    )\n```<\/pre>\n\n\n\n
                                                        \u4f46\u662f\uff0c\u5728PyCharm\u4e2d\u5176\u5b9e\u4e0d\u7528\u8fd9\u4e48\u9ebb\u70e6\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ea\u9700\u8981\u521b\u5efa\u4e13\u95e8\u7684FastAPI\u7c7b\u578b\u7684\u9879\u76ee<\/p>\n\n\n\n
                                                        \"\"<\/div><\/figure>\n\n\n\n
                                                        \u521b\u5efa\u9879\u76ee\u4e4b\u540e\u7684\u6548\u679c\u5982\u4e0b\u56fe\u6240\u793a\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n
                                                        \"\"<\/div><\/figure>\n\n\n\n
                                                        \u540c\u65f6\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u4fee\u6539\u9879\u76ee\u7684\u542f\u52a8\u811a\u672c\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n
                                                        \"\"<\/div><\/figure>\n\n\n\n
                                                        \"\"<\/div><\/figure>\n\n\n\n
                                                        \u542f\u52a8\u4e4b\u540e\u7684\u6548\u679c\u5982\u4e0b\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n
                                                        \"\"<\/div><\/figure>\n\n\n\n
                                                        \u63a5\u6536\u8bf7\u6c42\u53c2\u6570<\/h3>\n\n\n\n
                                                        \u5728Web\u5f00\u53d1\u4e2d\uff0c\u8bf7\u6c42\u53c2\u6570\u4e3b\u8981\u6709\u4e09\u79cd\u5f62\u5f0f\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n
                                                          \n
                                                        1. \u8def\u5f84\u53c2\u6570\uff08Path Parameter\uff09<\/strong>\uff1a\u4f5c\u4e3aURL\u8def\u5f84\u7684\u4e00\u90e8\u5206<\/li>\n\n\n\n
                                                        2. \u67e5\u8be2\u53c2\u6570\uff08Query Parameter\uff09<\/strong>\uff1aURL\u4e2d?<\/code>\u540e\u9762\u7684key-value\u5f62\u5f0f\u53c2\u6570<\/li>\n\n\n\n
                                                        3. \u8bf7\u6c42\u4f53\u53c2\u6570\uff08Request Body Parameter\uff09<\/strong>\uff1a\u653e\u5728HTTP\u8bf7\u6c42\u4f53\u4e2d\u7684\u53c2\u6570\uff08\u901a\u5e38\u662fJSON\uff09<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n
                                                          \u8ba9\u6211\u4eec\u4e00\u4e00\u6765\u770bFastAPI\u5982\u4f55\u63a5\u6536\u8fd9\u4e09\u79cd\u53c2\u6570\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n
                                                          \u63a5\u6536\u8def\u5f84\u53c2\u6570<\/h4>\n\n\n\n
                                                          \u573a\u666f\uff1a<\/strong> \u6839\u636e\u7528\u6237ID\u67e5\u8be2\u7528\u6237\u4fe1\u606f<\/p>\n\n\n\n
                                                          \u5bf9\u6bd4SpringMVC\uff1a<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n
                                                          ```\n@GetMapping(\"\/user\/{user_id}\")\npublic User getUser(@PathVariable Long user_id) {\n    return userService.getUser(user_id);\n}\n```<\/pre>\n\n\n\n
                                                          FastAPI\u5b9e\u73b0\uff1a<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n
                                                          ```\n@app.get(\"\/user\/{user_id}\")\ndef get_user(user_id: int):\n    \"\"\"\n    \u6839\u636e\u7528\u6237ID\u83b7\u53d6\u7528\u6237\u4fe1\u606f\n    \n    \u8def\u5f84\u53c2\u6570\uff1auser_id - \u7528\u6237ID\n    \"\"\"\n    return {\"user_id\": user_id, \"name\": f\"\u7528\u6237{user_id}\"}\n```<\/pre>\n\n\n\n
                                                          \u4ee3\u7801\u89e3\u6790\uff1a<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n
                                                            \n
                                                          • \/user\/{user_id}<\/code>: \u8def\u5f84\u4e2d\u7528\u00a0{user_id}<\/code>\u00a0\u8868\u793a\u8fd9\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u8def\u5f84\u53c2\u6570<\/li>\n\n\n\n
                                                          • def get_user(user_id: int)<\/code>: \u51fd\u6570\u53c2\u6570\u540d\u5fc5\u987b\u4e0e\u8def\u5f84\u4e2d\u7684\u5360\u4f4d\u7b26\u5b8c\u5168\u76f8\u540c<\/strong><\/li>\n\n\n\n
                                                          • user_id: int<\/code>: \u8fd9\u662fPython\u7684\u7c7b\u578b\u6ce8\u89e3<\/strong>\uff0c\u544a\u8bc9FastAPI\u8fd9\u4e2a\u53c2\u6570\u5e94\u8be5\u662f\u6574\u6570\u7c7b\u578b<\/li>\n\n\n\n
                                                          • FastAPI\u4f1a\u81ea\u52a8\u5c06URL\u4e2d\u7684\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u8f6c\u6362\u4e3a\u6574\u6570<\/li>\n\n\n\n
                                                          • \u5982\u679c\u8f6c\u6362\u5931\u8d25\uff08\u5982\u4f20\u5165\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\uff09\uff0c\u4f1a\u81ea\u52a8\u8fd4\u56de\u9519\u8bef\u54cd\u5e94<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n
                                                            \u6d4b\u8bd5\uff1a<\/strong> \u8bbf\u95ee http:\/\/127.0.0.1:8000\/user\/123<\/code>\uff0c\u8fd4\u56de\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n
                                                            ```\n{\"user_id\": 123, \"name\": \"\u7528\u6237123\"}\n```<\/pre>\n\n\n\n
                                                            \u63a5\u6536\u67e5\u8be2\u53c2\u6570<\/h4>\n\n\n\n
                                                            \u573a\u666f\uff1a<\/strong> \u641c\u7d22\u529f\u80fd\uff0c\u5173\u952e\u8bcd\u4f5c\u4e3a\u67e5\u8be2\u53c2\u6570<\/p>\n\n\n\n
                                                            \u5bf9\u6bd4SpringMVC\uff1a<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n
                                                            ```\n@GetMapping(\"\/search\")\npublic Result search(@RequestParam String keyword, @RequestParam(defaultValue = \"10\") Integer pageSize) {\n    return searchService.search(keyword, pageSize);\n}\n```<\/pre>\n\n\n\n
                                                            FastAPI\u5b9e\u73b0\uff1a<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n
                                                            ```\n@app.get(\"\/search\")\ndef search(keyword: str, page_size: int = 10):\n    \"\"\"\n    \u641c\u7d22\u63a5\u53e3\n    \n    \u67e5\u8be2\u53c2\u6570\uff1a\n    - keyword: \u641c\u7d22\u5173\u952e\u8bcd\uff08\u5fc5\u586b\uff09\n    - page_size: \u6bcf\u9875\u5927\u5c0f\uff08\u53ef\u9009\uff0c\u9ed8\u8ba410\uff09\n    \"\"\"\n    return {\n        \"keyword\": keyword,\n        \"page_size\": page_size,\n        \"results\": [f\"\u7ed3\u679c{i}\" for i in range(page_size)]\n    }\n```<\/pre>\n\n\n\n
                                                            \u4ee3\u7801\u89e3\u6790\uff1a<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n
                                                              \n
                                                            • keyword: str<\/code>: \u5fc5\u586b\u53c2\u6570\uff0c\u6ca1\u6709\u9ed8\u8ba4\u503c<\/li>\n\n\n\n
                                                            • page_size: int = 10<\/code>: \u53ef\u9009\u53c2\u6570\uff0c\u9ed8\u8ba4\u503c\u4e3a10<\/li>\n\n\n\n
                                                            • FastAPI\u4f1a\u81ea\u52a8\u4eceURL\u7684\u67e5\u8be2\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u4e2d\u63d0\u53d6\u8fd9\u4e9b\u53c2\u6570<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n
                                                              \u63a5\u6536\u8bf7\u6c42\u4f53\u53c2\u6570<\/h4>\n\n\n\n
                                                              \u5728\u63a5\u6536\u8bf7\u6c42\u4f53\u53c2\u6570\u4e4b\u524d\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u9700\u8981\u5148\u4e86\u89e3\u4e00\u4e2a\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u5e93\uff1aPydantic<\/strong>\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n
                                                              \u5b83\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u6570\u636e\u9a8c\u8bc1\u5e93\uff0c\u7528\u4e8e\u5b9a\u4e49\u6570\u636e\u6a21\u578b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n
                                                              \u7c7b\u6bd4Java\uff1a<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n
                                                              \u5728Java\u4e2d\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u4f1a\u5b9a\u4e49\u4e00\u4e2a\u5b9e\u4f53\u7c7b\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n
                                                              ```\npublic class User {\n    private String username;\n    private String password;\n    private Integer age;\n    \n    \/\/ getters and setters...\n}\n```<\/pre>\n\n\n\n
                                                              \u5728Python\u4e2d\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u4f7f\u7528Pydantic\u5b9a\u4e49\u6570\u636e\u6a21\u578b\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n
                                                              ```\nfrom pydantic import BaseModel\n\nclass User(BaseModel):\n    username: str\n    password: str\n    age: int\n```<\/pre>\n\n\n\n
                                                              Pydantic\u7684\u4f18\u52bf\uff1a<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n
                                                                \n
                                                              • \u81ea\u52a8\u8fdb\u884c\u6570\u636e\u9a8c\u8bc1\uff08\u7c7b\u578b\u68c0\u67e5\u3001\u5fc5\u586b\u68c0\u67e5\u7b49\uff09<\/li>\n\n\n\n
                                                              • \u81ea\u52a8\u5c06JSON\u8f6c\u6362\u4e3aPython\u5bf9\u8c61<\/li>\n\n\n\n
                                                              • \u81ea\u52a8\u5c06Python\u5bf9\u8c61\u8f6c\u6362\u4e3aJSON<\/li>\n\n\n\n
                                                              • \u5982\u679c\u8f6c\u5316\u5931\u8d25\uff0c\u63d0\u4f9b\u6e05\u6670\u7684\u9519\u8bef\u4fe1\u606f<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n
                                                                Pydantic \u548c @dataclass \u6709\u4ec0\u4e48\u533a\u522b\uff1f\u8be5\u7528\u54ea\u4e2a\uff1f<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n
                                                                \u524d\u9762\u6211\u4eec\u5b66\u8fc7 @dataclass<\/code>\uff0c\u5b83\u4e5f\u80fd\u5b9a\u4e49”\u53ea\u88c5\u6570\u636e”\u7684\u7c7b\uff0c\u770b\u8d77\u6765\u548c Pydantic \u7684 BaseModel<\/code> \u5f88\u50cf\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n
                                                                ```\n# @dataclass \u5199\u6cd5\nfrom dataclasses import dataclass\n\n@dataclass\nclass User:\n    username: str\n    age: int\n\n# Pydantic \u5199\u6cd5\nfrom pydantic import BaseModel\n\nclass User(BaseModel):\n    username: str\n    age: int\n```<\/pre>\n\n\n\n
                                                                \u4e24\u8005\u957f\u5f97\u51e0\u4e4e\u4e00\u6837\uff0c\u4f46\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u5173\u952e\u533a\u522b\u2014\u2014\u662f\u5426\u505a\u6570\u636e\u6821\u9a8c<\/strong>\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n
                                                                \u5148\u770b\u4e24\u8005\u4f5c\u4e3a\u666e\u901a\u6570\u636e\u7c7b\u81ea\u8eab<\/strong>\u7684\u80fd\u529b\u5bf9\u6bd4\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n
                                                                <\/th>@dataclass<\/th>Pydantic BaseModel<\/th><\/th><\/tr><\/thead>
                                                                \u6765\u6e90<\/td>Python \u6807\u51c6\u5e93<\/td>\u7b2c\u4e09\u65b9\u5e93\uff08\u9700 pip install pydantic<\/code>\uff09<\/td><\/td><\/tr>
                                                                \u81ea\u52a8\u751f\u6210\u6784\u9020\u65b9\u6cd5\u7b49\u6837\u677f<\/td>\u2705<\/td>\u2705<\/td><\/td><\/tr>
                                                                \u8fd0\u884c\u65f6\u6821\u9a8c\u7c7b\u578b<\/strong><\/td>\u274c \u4e0d\u6821\u9a8c<\/td>\u2705 \u4f1a\u6821\u9a8c<\/td><\/td><\/tr>
                                                                \u7c7b\u578b\u4e0d\u7b26\u65f6<\/td>\u7167\u6837\u8d4b\u503c\uff0c\u4e0d\u62a5\u9519<\/td>\u629b\u51fa\u6821\u9a8c\u9519\u8bef<\/td><\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n
                                                                \u4e3e\u4e2a\u4f8b\u5b50\u770b\u533a\u522b\u2014\u2014\u7ed9 age<\/code>\uff08\u58f0\u660e\u4e3a int<\/code>\uff09\u4f20\u4e00\u4e2a\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n
                                                                ```\n# @dataclass\uff1a\u7c7b\u578b\u63d0\u793a\u53ea\u662f\"\u63d0\u793a\"\uff0c\u81ea\u8eab\u4e0d\u6821\u9a8c\u3002\u4f20\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u7167\u6837\u585e\u8fdb\u53bb\uff0c\u4e0d\u62a5\u9519\nu1 = User_dataclass(username=\"\u5f20\u4e09\", age=\"\u4e8c\u5341\u4e94\")   # \u6b63\u5e38\u6267\u884c\uff0cage \u5c31\u662f\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\"\u4e8c\u5341\u4e94\"\n\n# Pydantic\uff1a\u4f1a\u771f\u6b63\u6821\u9a8c\u7c7b\u578b\u3002\u4f20\u4e0d\u80fd\u8f6c\u6210 int \u7684\u503c\uff0c\u76f4\u63a5\u629b\u9519\nu2 = User_pydantic(username=\"\u5f20\u4e09\", age=\"\u4e8c\u5341\u4e94\")    # \u274c \u629b\u51fa ValidationError\n```<\/pre>\n\n\n\n
                                                                \n
                                                                \u7b80\u5355\u8bb0\uff1a\u4e24\u8005\u5728 FastAPI \u91cc\u90fd\u80fd\u63a5\u6536\u8bf7\u6c42\u4f53\uff0c\u4f46\u5916\u90e8\u8f93\u5165\u8981\u505a\u4e25\u683c\u6821\u9a8c\uff0c\u4f18\u5148\u7528 Pydantic\uff1b\u5185\u90e8\u53ef\u4fe1\u6570\u636e\u6d41\u8f6c\uff0c\u7528 @dataclass \u66f4\u8f7b\u91cf\u3002<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n
                                                                \u63a5\u6536\u8bf7\u6c42\u4f53\u53c2\u6570<\/h5>\n\n\n\n
                                                                \u573a\u666f\uff1a<\/strong> \u7528\u6237\u6ce8\u518c\uff0c\u63d0\u4ea4\u7528\u6237\u4fe1\u606f<\/p>\n\n\n\n
                                                                \u5bf9\u6bd4SpringMVC\uff1a<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n
                                                                ```\n@PostMapping(\"\/register\")\npublic Result register(@RequestBody User user) {\n    return userService.register(user);\n}\n```<\/pre>\n\n\n\n
                                                                FastAPI\u5b9e\u73b0\uff1a<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n
                                                                ```\nfrom fastapi import FastAPI\nfrom pydantic import BaseModel\n\napp = FastAPI()\n\n# 1. \u5b9a\u4e49\u8bf7\u6c42\u4f53\u6570\u636e\u6a21\u578b\nclass UserRegister(BaseModel):\n    \"\"\"\u7528\u6237\u6ce8\u518c\u8bf7\u6c42\u6a21\u578b\"\"\"\n    username: str      # \u7528\u6237\u540d\uff0c\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u7c7b\u578b\uff0c\u5fc5\u586b\n    password: str      # \u5bc6\u7801\uff0c\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u7c7b\u578b\uff0c\u5fc5\u586b\n    age: int          # \u5e74\u9f84\uff0c\u6574\u6570\u7c7b\u578b\uff0c\u5fc5\u586b\n    email: str = \"\"   # \u90ae\u7bb1\uff0c\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u7c7b\u578b\uff0c\u53ef\u9009\uff08\u9ed8\u8ba4\u7a7a\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\uff09\n\n# 2. \u5b9a\u4e49\u63a5\u53e3\uff0c\u63a5\u6536\u8bf7\u6c42\u4f53\u53c2\u6570\n@app.post(\"\/register\")\ndef register(user: UserRegister):\n    \"\"\"\n    \u7528\u6237\u6ce8\u518c\u63a5\u53e3\n    \n    \u8bf7\u6c42\u4f53\u53c2\u6570\uff1auser - \u7528\u6237\u6ce8\u518c\u4fe1\u606f\uff08JSON\u683c\u5f0f\uff09\n    \"\"\"\n    return user.username\n```<\/pre>\n\n\n\n
                                                                \u4ee3\u7801\u89e3\u6790\uff1a<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n
                                                                  \n
                                                                1. \u5b9a\u4e49\u6570\u636e\u6a21\u578b\uff1a<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n
                                                                    \n
                                                                  • class UserRegister(BaseModel)<\/code>: \u7ee7\u627f\u81eaPydantic\u7684BaseModel<\/li>\n\n\n\n
                                                                  • \u7c7b\u4e2d\u7684\u6bcf\u4e2a\u5c5e\u6027\u90fd\u6709\u7c7b\u578b\u6ce8\u89e3<\/li>\n\n\n\n
                                                                  • \u53ef\u4ee5\u8bbe\u7f6e\u9ed8\u8ba4\u503c\uff08\u5982\u00a0email: str = \"\"<\/code>\uff09<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n
                                                                      \n
                                                                    1. \u63a5\u6536\u8bf7\u6c42\u4f53\uff1a<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n
                                                                        \n
                                                                      • def register(user: UserRegister)<\/code>: \u51fd\u6570\u53c2\u6570\u7c7b\u578b\u4e3a\u6211\u4eec\u5b9a\u4e49\u7684\u6a21\u578b<\/li>\n\n\n\n
                                                                      • FastAPI\u4f1a\u81ea\u52a8\uff1a<\/li>\n\n\n\n
                                                                      • \u8bfb\u53d6\u8bf7\u6c42\u4f53\u4e2d\u7684JSON\u6570\u636e<\/li>\n\n\n\n
                                                                      • \u9a8c\u8bc1\u6570\u636e\u7c7b\u578b\u662f\u5426\u6b63\u786e<\/li>\n\n\n\n
                                                                      • \u5c06JSON\u8f6c\u6362\u4e3aUserRegister\u5bf9\u8c61<\/li>\n\n\n\n
                                                                      • \u5982\u679c\u9a8c\u8bc1\u5931\u8d25\uff0c\u81ea\u52a8\u8fd4\u56de400\u9519\u8bef\u548c\u8be6\u7ec6\u7684\u9519\u8bef\u4fe1\u606f<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n
                                                                          \n
                                                                        1. \u8bbf\u95ee\u6570\u636e\uff1a<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n
                                                                            \n
                                                                          • user.username<\/code>: \u901a\u8fc7\u5bf9\u8c61\u5c5e\u6027\u8bbf\u95ee\u6570\u636e<\/li>\n\n\n\n
                                                                          • user.age<\/code>: \u8bbf\u95ee\u5176\u4ed6\u5c5e\u6027<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n
                                                                            \u4f7f\u7528Postman\u6216curl\u53d1\u9001POST\u8bf7\u6c42<\/p>\n\n\n\n
                                                                            ```\ncurl -X POST \"http:\/\/127.0.0.1:8000\/register\" \\\n  -H \"Content-Type: application\/json\" \\\n  -d '{\n    \"username\": \"zhangsan\",\n    \"password\": \"123456\",\n    \"age\": 25,\n    \"email\": \"zhangsan@example.com\"\n  }'\n```<\/pre>\n\n\n\n
                                                                            \u8fd4\u56de\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n
                                                                            ```\n{\n  \"message\": \"\u6ce8\u518c\u6210\u529f\",\n  \"username\": \"zhangsan\",\n  \"age\": 25,\n  \"email\": \"zhangsan@example.com\"\n}\n```<\/pre>\n\n\n\n
                                                                            \u8fd4\u56deJSON\u54cd\u5e94<\/h3>\n\n\n\n
                                                                            \u5728FastAPI\u4e2d\uff0c\u8fd4\u56deJSON\u975e\u5e38\u7b80\u5355\uff0c\u53ea\u9700\u8981\u8fd4\u56dePython\u7684\u5b57\u5178\u6216\u5bf9\u8c61\u5373\u53ef\uff0c\u901a\u5e38\u6709\u4ee5\u4e0b<\/p>\n\n\n\n
                                                                            \u65b9\u5f0f\u4e00\uff1a\u8fd4\u56de\u5b57\u5178<\/p>\n\n\n\n
                                                                            ```\n@app.get(\"\/api\/info\")\ndef get_info():\n    \"\"\"\u8fd4\u56de\u5b57\u5178\uff0cFastAPI\u81ea\u52a8\u8f6c\u6362\u4e3aJSON\"\"\"\n    return {\n        \"code\": 200,\n        \"message\": \"success\",\n        \"data\": {\n            \"name\": \"FastAPI\",\n            \"version\": \"0.100.0\"\n        }\n    }\n```<\/pre>\n\n\n\n
                                                                            \u65b9\u5f0f\u4e8c\uff1a\u8fd4\u56dePydantic\u6a21\u578b<\/p>\n\n\n\n
                                                                            ```\nfrom pydantic import BaseModel\n\n# \u5b9a\u4e49\u54cd\u5e94\u6a21\u578b\nclass UserResponse(BaseModel):\n    user_id: int\n    username: str\n    age: int\n\n@app.get(\"\/api\/user\/{user_id}\")\ndef get_user_info(user_id: int):\n    \"\"\"\u8fd4\u56dePydantic\u6a21\u578b\u5bf9\u8c61\uff0cFastAPI\u81ea\u52a8\u8f6c\u6362\u4e3aJSON\"\"\"\n    # \u6a21\u62df\u4ece\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u67e5\u8be2\u7528\u6237\n    user = UserResponse(\n        user_id=user_id,\n        username=f\"user_{user_id}\",\n        age=25\n    )\n    return user\n```<\/pre>\n\n\n\n
                                                                            \u8bbf\u95ee<\/strong> http:\/\/127.0.0.1:8000\/api\/user\/123<\/code>\uff0c\u8fd4\u56de\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n
                                                                            ```\n{\n  \"user_id\": 123,\n  \"username\": \"user_123\",\n  \"age\": 25\n}\n```<\/pre>\n\n\n\n
                                                                            \u65b9\u5f0f\u4e09\uff1a\u8fd4\u56de\u5217\u8868<\/p>\n\n\n\n
                                                                            ```\n@app.get(\"\/api\/users\")\ndef get_users():\n    \"\"\"\u8fd4\u56de\u5217\u8868\uff0cFastAPI\u81ea\u52a8\u8f6c\u6362\u4e3aJSON\u6570\u7ec4\"\"\"\n    return [\n        {\"user_id\": 1, \"username\": \"user1\"},\n        {\"user_id\": 2, \"username\": \"user2\"},\n        {\"user_id\": 3, \"username\": \"user3\"}\n    ]\n```<\/pre>\n\n\n\n
                                                                            \u65b9\u5f0f\u56db\uff1a\u8fd4\u56de @dataclass \u5bf9\u8c61<\/p>\n\n\n\n
                                                                            \u524d\u9762\u8bb2\u8bf7\u6c42\u4f53\u65f6\u6211\u4eec\u5bf9\u6bd4\u8fc7 Pydantic \u548c @dataclass<\/code>\u3002\u5728\u8fd4\u56de<\/strong>\u8fd9\u4e00\u4fa7\uff0cFastAPI \u540c\u6837\u652f\u6301\u76f4\u63a5\u8fd4\u56de @dataclass<\/code> \u5bf9\u8c61\u2014\u2014\u5b83\u4f1a\u88ab\u81ea\u52a8\u8f6c\u6210 JSON\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n
                                                                            ```\nfrom dataclasses import dataclass\n\n@dataclass\nclass UserResponse:\n    user_id: int\n    username: str\n    age: int\n\n@app.get(\"\/api\/user\/{user_id}\")\ndef get_user_info(user_id: int):\n    \"\"\"\u8fd4\u56de @dataclass \u5bf9\u8c61\uff0cFastAPI \u81ea\u52a8\u8f6c\u6362\u4e3a JSON\"\"\"\n    return UserResponse(user_id=user_id, username=f\"user_{user_id}\", age=25)\n```<\/pre>\n\n\n\n
                                                                            \u8bbf\u95ee\u540e\u8fd4\u56de\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n
                                                                            ```\n{\n  \"user_id\": 123,\n  \"username\": \"user_123\",\n  \"age\": 25\n}\n```<\/pre>\n\n\n\n
                                                                            \u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48 @dataclass<\/code> \u4e5f\u80fd\u88ab\u81ea\u52a8\u8f6c\u6210 JSON\uff1f<\/strong> \u56e0\u4e3a FastAPI \u5728\u8fd4\u56de\u524d\u4f1a\u7528\u4e00\u4e2a\u5185\u90e8\u5de5\u5177 jsonable_encoder<\/code> \u628a\u8fd4\u56de\u503c\u8f6c\u6210\u53ef\u5e8f\u5217\u5316\u7684\u7ed3\u6784\uff0c\u5b83\u5bf9\u5b57\u5178\u3001\u5217\u8868\u3001Pydantic \u6a21\u578b\u3001@dataclass<\/code> \u90fd\u6709\u4e13\u95e8\u5904\u7406\u3002\u6240\u4ee5\u8fd4\u56de @dataclass<\/code> \u5bf9\u8c61\u662f\u6ca1\u95ee\u9898\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n
                                                                            \u4e0d\u8fc7\u8981\u6ce8\u610f\u533a\u5206\u8fd4\u56de<\/strong>\u548c\u63a5\u6536<\/strong>\u4e24\u4e2a\u65b9\u5411\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n
                                                                              \n
                                                                            • \u8fd4\u56de<\/strong>\uff1a@dataclass<\/code>\u00a0\u548c Pydantic \u90fd\u80fd\u6b63\u5e38\u8f6c\u6210 JSON\uff0c\u5dee\u522b\u4e0d\u5927\uff0c\u6309\u559c\u597d\u9009\u5373\u53ef\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n
                                                                            • \u63a5\u6536<\/strong>\uff08\u8bf7\u6c42\u4f53\uff09\uff1a\u5982\u524d\u6240\u8ff0\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u8981\u5bf9\u5916\u90e8\u8f93\u5165\u505a\u4e25\u683c\u6821\u9a8c\uff0c\u4ecd\u4f18\u5148\u7528 Pydantic<\/strong>\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n
                                                                              \u6240\u4ee5\u5b9e\u9645\u9879\u76ee\u91cc\uff0c\u5e38\u89c1\u7684\u505a\u6cd5\u662f\uff1a\u8bf7\u6c42\u4f53\u548c\u54cd\u5e94\u4f53\u90fd\u7edf\u4e00\u7528 Pydantic \u6a21\u578b<\/strong>\uff0c\u8fd9\u6837\u6821\u9a8c\u3001\u6587\u6863\u751f\u6210\uff08FastAPI \u80fd\u6839\u636e Pydantic \u6a21\u578b\u81ea\u52a8\u751f\u6210\u63a5\u53e3\u6587\u6863\uff09\u90fd\u66f4\u987a\u624b\uff0c\u98ce\u683c\u4e5f\u7edf\u4e00\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n
                                                                              FastAPI\u7684\u81ea\u52a8\u8f6c\u6362\u89c4\u5219\uff1a<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n
                                                                                \n
                                                                              • Python\u5b57\u5178 \u2192 JSON\u5bf9\u8c61<\/li>\n\n\n\n
                                                                              • Python\u5217\u8868 \u2192 JSON\u6570\u7ec4<\/li>\n\n\n\n
                                                                              • Pydantic\u6a21\u578b \u2192 JSON\u5bf9\u8c61<\/li>\n\n\n\n
                                                                              • @dataclass<\/code>\u00a0\u5bf9\u8c61 \u2192 JSON\u5bf9\u8c61<\/li>\n\n\n\n
                                                                              • \u57fa\u672c\u7c7b\u578b\uff08str, int, float, bool\uff09 \u2192 \u5bf9\u5e94\u7684JSON\u7c7b\u578b<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n
                                                                                —<\/p>\n\n\n\n
                                                                                \u7efc\u5408\u8fd0\u7528<\/h2>\n\n\n\n
                                                                                \u8ba9\u6211\u4eec\u901a\u8fc7\u5b9e\u73b0\u4e00\u4e2a\u7b80\u5355\u7684\u7528\u6237\u7ba1\u7406\u529f\u80fd\u5462\uff0c\u7efc\u5408\u8fd0\u7528\u524d\u9762\u5b66\u5230\u7684\u6240\u6709\u77e5\u8bc6\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n
                                                                                ```\n# \u6587\u4ef6\u540d: user_api.py\n\nfrom fastapi import FastAPI\nfrom pydantic import BaseModel\nfrom typing import Optional\n\n# \u521b\u5efaFastAPI\u5e94\u7528\napp = FastAPI()\n\n# ============ \u6570\u636e\u6a21\u578b\u5b9a\u4e49 ============\n\nclass UserCreate(BaseModel):\n    \"\"\"\u7528\u6237\u521b\u5efa\u8bf7\u6c42\u6a21\u578b\"\"\"\n    username: str\n    password: str\n    age: int\n    email: str|None = None  # \u503c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4e3aNone\n\nclass UserResponse(BaseModel):\n    \"\"\"\u7528\u6237\u54cd\u5e94\u6a21\u578b\"\"\"\n    user_id: int\n    username: str\n    age: int\n    email: Optional[str] = None\n\n# ============ \u6a21\u62df\u6570\u636e\u5e93 ============\n\n# \u4f7f\u7528\u5b57\u5178\u6a21\u62df\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u5b58\u50a8\nusers_db = {}\nnext_user_id = 1\n\n# ============ API\u63a5\u53e3\u5b9a\u4e49 ============\n\n@app.get(\"\/\")\ndef root():\n    \"\"\"\u6839\u8def\u5f84\uff0c\u8fd4\u56de\u6b22\u8fce\u4fe1\u606f\"\"\"\n    return {\"message\": \"\u6b22\u8fce\u4f7f\u7528\u7528\u6237\u7ba1\u7406API\"}\n\n@app.post(\"\/users\", response_model=UserResponse)\ndef create_user(user: UserCreate):\n    \"\"\"\n    \u521b\u5efa\u7528\u6237\n    \n    \u8bf7\u6c42\u4f53\u53c2\u6570\uff1a\n    - username: \u7528\u6237\u540d\n    - password: \u5bc6\u7801\n    - age: \u5e74\u9f84\n    - email: \u90ae\u7bb1\uff08\u53ef\u9009\uff09\n    \"\"\"\n    global next_user_id\n    \n    # \u521b\u5efa\u7528\u6237\u5bf9\u8c61\n    new_user = UserResponse(\n        user_id=next_user_id,\n        username=user.username,\n        age=user.age,\n        email=user.email\n    )\n    \n    # \u4fdd\u5b58\u5230\"\u6570\u636e\u5e93\"\n    users_db[next_user_id] = new_user\n    next_user_id += 1\n    \n    return new_user\n\n@app.get(\"\/users\/{user_id}\", response_model=UserResponse)\ndef get_user(user_id: int):\n    \"\"\"\n    \u6839\u636eID\u83b7\u53d6\u7528\u6237\n    \n    \u8def\u5f84\u53c2\u6570\uff1a\n    - user_id: \u7528\u6237ID\n    \"\"\"\n    if user_id not in users_db:\n        return {\"error\": \"\u7528\u6237\u4e0d\u5b58\u5728\"}\n    return users_db[user_id]\n\n@app.get(\"\/users\")\ndef list_users(page: int = 1, page_size: int = 10):\n    \"\"\"\n    \u83b7\u53d6\u7528\u6237\u5217\u8868\n    \n    \u67e5\u8be2\u53c2\u6570\uff1a\n    - page: \u9875\u7801\uff08\u9ed8\u8ba41\uff09\n    - page_size: \u6bcf\u9875\u5927\u5c0f\uff08\u9ed8\u8ba410\uff09\n    \"\"\"\n    all_users = list(users_db.values())\n    start = (page - 1) * page_size\n    end = start + page_size\n    \n    return {\n        \"total\": len(all_users),\n        \"page\": page,\n        \"page_size\": page_size,\n        \"users\": all_users[start:end]\n    }\n```<\/pre>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
                                                                                \u7c7b\u578b\u63d0\u793a Java\u662f\u5f3a\u7c7b\u578b\u8bed\u8a00\u2014\u2014\u5b9a\u4e49\u53d8\u91cf\u3001\u5199\u65b9\u6cd5\u53c2\u6570\u65f6\uff0c\u5fc5\u987b\u663e\u5f0f\u58f0\u660e\u7c7b\u578b\uff1a “` \/\/ Java\uff1a\u7c7b\u578b\u662f\u5f3a […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[21],"class_list":["post-714","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-learn","tag-python"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/larkdrop.cafe\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/714","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/larkdrop.cafe\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/larkdrop.cafe\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/larkdrop.cafe\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/larkdrop.cafe\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=714"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/larkdrop.cafe\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/714\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":739,"href":"https:\/\/larkdrop.cafe\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/714\/revisions\/739"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/larkdrop.cafe\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=714"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/larkdrop.cafe\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=714"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/larkdrop.cafe\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=714"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}